252份墨西哥CIMMYT小麦多酚氧化酶的活性差异及品种筛选

目的]为低PPO活性小麦品种的选育提供参考信息。方法]按Anderson和Morris等方法并作部分修改对引进的252份墨西哥CIMMYT小麦品种的多酚氧化酶活性进行测定。结果]PPO活性主要受基因型影响;不同品种间PPO活性相差很大。252份墨西哥CIMMYT小麦的多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性的范围为54.00~285.78AU/(min·g)。其中小于100.00AU/(min·g)的品种有46个,200.00AU/(min·g)以上的有37个,其余皆为100.00~200.00AU/(min·g)。品种PPO活性分布在100.00~200.00AU/(min·g)的个数较多,而在<100.00AU/(min·g)和>200.00AU/(min·g)范围则分布较少,基本上呈正态分布。结论]通过育种途径可改善小麦制品颜色褐变的现象。筛选出PPO活性低于100.00AU/(min·g)的46个的墨西哥CIMMYT小麦品种,可作为小麦品质育种的材料。

Variety Screening Polyphenol Oxidase Activity Difference of 252 Wheat Varieties Introduced from Mexico CIMMYT and Their Variety Screening

Objective] The aim was to provide the reference information for breeding wheat variety with low polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity. Method] The PPO activities of 252 wheat varieties introduced from Mexico were detected by the methods such as Anderson, Morris with partial modification. Result] The PPO activity was mainly affected by genotype and that of different varieties had larger difference. The PPO activity of 252 Mexico wheat varieties ranged from 54.00 AU/(min·g) to 285.78 AU/(min·g). Among them, the PPO activity of 46 varieties was below 100.00 AU/(min·g), that of 37 varieties was above 200.00 AU/(min·g) and that of others was 100.00～200.00 AU/(min·g). The varieties with the PPO activity of 100.00～200.00 AU/(min·g) was more and that below 100.00 AU/(min·g) and above 200.00 AU/(min·g) was less, which basically showed a normal distribution. Conclusion] The phenomenon of brown wheat production could be improved by breeding approach. The screened 46 Mexico wheat varieties with PPO activity below 100.00 AU/(min·g) could be as the materials of wheat quality breeding.