土壤湿度对蚕豆根病及其生长的影响

 土壤湿度是影响蚕豆(Vicia faba L.)生长和根腐病发生的主要环境因素之一。本文以来源于蚕豆产区的田间土壤,分别以30%、50%和70%的土壤饱和持水量(WHC)处理进行盆栽试验,在室外自然条件下生长,测定了出苗率、出苗速度、株高、生长速度、叶面积、总叶绿素含量、净光合速率、结荚数、根瘤数、生物量干重、根腐病严重度及死亡率。结果表明50% WHC的土壤含水量为蚕豆生长的最佳土壤湿度,有利于蚕豆健康生长,减少根腐病的发生与危害。在30%、50%和70%WHC土壤湿度条件下,播后10周蚕豆生物量干重和植株的死亡率依次分别为1.53、3.16、2.68g和18.5%、4.8%、25.6%。

EFFECTS OF SOIL MOISTURE CONTENTS ON ROOT ROT AND GROWTH OF FABA BEAN ( Vicia faba L.)

Soil moisture content is one of main environmental factors affecting growth and development of root rot of faba bean. In this paper, faba bean grown for 10 weeks in pots containing field soil. The soil moisture contents was maintained at 30%, 50% or 70% water holding capacity(WHC). Emergence rate and speed, plant height, growth speed, leaf area, chlorophyll a b content, net photosynthetic rate, numbers of pod and nodule per plant, dry matter yield per plant, disease severity and mortality were measured. The results showed that compared to 30% and 70%WHC, 50%WHC was more suitable for faba bean growth and less favorable for root rot development. The dry matter yield/plant of faba bean growing under 30%, 50% and 70%WHC soil moisture contents was 1.53, 3.16 and 2.68 g, whereas the correspondent mortality was 18.5%, 4.8% and 25.6%, respectively.