The influence of plant morphological structure characteristics on PM2.5 retention of leaves under different wind speeds |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;2. School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;1. Department of Forestry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan;2. Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan;1. College of Architecture, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Green Building, Hohhot, 010051, China;2. Co-innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China;1. School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai 200240, China;2. Shanghai Urban Forest Ecosystem Research Station, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, 800 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai 200240, China;3. Key Laboratory for Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 800 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai 200240, China;4. Center for Environmental Studies, Williams College, 55 Mission Park Drive, Williamstown, MA 01267, USA;1. School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai, 200240, China;2. Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, 800 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai, 200240, China;3. Shanghai Urban Forest Ecosystem Research Station, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, 800 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai, 200240, China;4. Key Laboratory for Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 800 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai, 200240, China |
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| Abstract: | Exploring the relationships between plant morphological structures and PM2.5 (particulate matter < 2.5 µm in diameter) retention on leaf surfaces and determining the key factors will help to screen tree species with high-efficiency PM reduction and improve the air purification function of green spaces. PM2.5 retention experiments were conducted in a wind tunnel using 1800 branches from 30 species with different morphological structures under wind speeds of 1, 3.5, and 8 m/s. Eight comprehensive variables (PC1–PC8) of plant morphological structure were extracted by principal component analysis, and their relationships with PM2.5 retention and the main influencing factors were explored by stepwise regression models. Under all of the wind speeds, the totality characteristic (PC1) (composite variable of factors including volume and total surface area) and surface area/weight density (PC2) of plant branches and leaves were the two most significant influencing factors, and they had negative effects. In addition to the aforementioned two common key factors, the leaf size (PC5) and surface roughness (PC7) were the two key positive factors at wind speeds of 1 and 3.5 m/s, while the number of branches and leaves (PC3 and PC4, respectively) were the two key positive factors at a wind speed of 8 m/s. Generally speaking, with the increase of wind speed, the effect of leaf morphological characteristics on PM2.5 retention decreased, while the crown structure characteristics became more significant. Compared with leaf morphological characteristics, the crown morphological structure variables had greater variability and a greater impact on PM2.5 retention. Crown morphological structure should be given more importance in screening high-efficiency PM retention tree species. |
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| Keywords: | Plant morphological structure Wind tunnel Wind speed |
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