汕头市城市热岛效应特征分析

利用汕头市及所属的南澳、澄海、潮阳观测站常规观测资料及自动观测资料进行统计分析。结果表明,20世纪90年代以来,汕头市存在热岛效应,并以0.17℃/5年的速度递增。夏季热岛效应最明显;热岛效应日变化明显,呈一峰一谷型,＂夜热岛＂是＂白热岛＂的延续;热岛效应与日照时数呈正相关,与云量、相对湿度呈反相关;晴天最大、阴天次之、雨天最小;汕头市冬季存在冷岛效应,但趋势减弱;城市热岛效应的空间分布与不同下垫面环境密切相关。

Characteristics of Urban Heat Island Effect in Shantou

The general observations and automatic observation data of Shantou,Nanao,Chenghai and Chaoyang were statistically analyzed.The results showed that heat island effect had existed in Shantou since 1990s,and the temperature increased at a rate of 0.17 ℃/5 a.The heat island effect was most obvious in summer.Moreover,the daily change of heat island effect was obvious and showed a Mineichi valley type with "Night heat island" following "Daytime heat island}.Heat island effect was positively correlated to sunshine duration and negatively correlated to cloud cover and relative humidity.The heat island effect was strongest in sunny days,followed by cloudy days and rainy days.The cold island effect existed but weakened in winter in Shantou.Spatial distribution of urban heat island was closely related to different underlying environment.