福建省稻瘟病菌生理小种研究(续报)

应用我国7个鉴别品种,鉴定了1980～1981年由我省7个地区37个县(市)采集分离的387个有效单孢菌株,区分为7群29个小种,其中ZB群为优势小种群,ZB_(15)为优势小种。 1975～1978年福建省稻瘟病菌生理小种区系组成相似,至1981年便发生了变化。但主要小种类型并无什么变化,而是小种组成比和地理分布范围的变更。其特点是侵染我省大面积栽培的珍尢系统品种的ZB群小种迅速增加,地理分布范围扩大。至1981年全省7个地区均以ZB群为优势小种群,ZB_(15)上升为优势小种,取代了过去致病力弱的优势小种ZG_1。文中还对稻瘟病菌的变异和稳定性作了讨论。关键词:稻瘟病菌;生理小种;中国鉴别品种;珍龙系统品种实践证明,利用抗病品种是防治稻瘟病的一项经济有效的措施,但品种抗性与稻瘟病菌的变异、小种区系组成的变化密切相关。因此,稻瘟病菌生理小种区系组成的变化及其消长规律的研究,是抗瘟育种品种布局和品种坑性变化预测的重要基础工作。在1973～1978年对我省稻瘟病菌生理小种研究的基础上,本文报导了1980～1981年福建稻瘟病菌生理小种的鉴定和1978、1981年小种区系组成的变化情况。

A CONTINUED REPORT ON THE STUDIES OF RICE BLAST FUNGUS PHYSIOLOGICAL RACE ( PYRICULARIA ORYZAE CAV. ) IN FUJIAN

During 1980-1981, 387 isolates from monoconidial cultures were collected from seven regions of 37 counties (cities) in Fujian.They were identified wtih the help of seven Chinese typical varieties. These isolates can be divided into 7 groups "with 29 races, among them Zhong B group is the most prevalent and Zhong Bl5 is a rather dominant race. In 1978 the physiological race composition was the same as that in 1975. However there had been changed appeared in 1981. Aside from the proportion of race composition and the geographical race distribution, the physiological race did not show any difference. Zhong B group that infected the prevalently cultivated varieties of Zhengl(?)ng lines increased in area. Zhong B group became the dominant race in seven districts up to 1981; while Zhong Bl5 turned to the dominant physiological race in place of Zhong G 1 which was quite dominant before. Problems on blast fungus variation and stability were a lso investigated.