青海海北3种典型高寒草甸植物群落特征研究

本文以青海海北门源县门源马场为例,探讨了3种类型高寒草甸植物群落特征和多样性。结果表明:矮嵩草(Kobresia humilis)、金露梅(Potentilla fruticosa)和门源嵩草(Kobresia menyuanica)3种高寒草甸植物群落均表现为复层结构;其多样性指数与均匀度指数关系密切;不同高寒草甸群落间共有物种较少,物种替代速率较高;矮嵩草高寒草甸地上生物量分别是金露梅高寒草甸和门源嵩草高寒草甸的1.62和1.69倍;地下生物量主要分布在0~10cm的表层土壤中,垂直空间分布结构呈T字形;地上和地下生物量呈负相关关系。

Characteristics of Three Kinds of Typical Plant Communities of the Alpine Meadow in Haibei Region,Qinghai Province

This paper took alpine meadow in stud-farm Menyuan County,Haibei region of Qinghai province as an example to determine the feature and plant diversity of three kinds of alpine meadow communities (Kobresia humilis,Potentilla fruticose and Kobresia menyuanica).Results showed that the three kinds of plant communities of the alpine meadows were shown as the complex structure;the relationship between the diversity index and the evenness index was close;there were fewer common species and higher species replacement rate among different alpine meadow communities;the aboveground biomass of Kobresia humilis alpine meadow was 1.62 and 1.69 times of Potentilla fruticosa and Kobresia menyuanica communities,respectively;the underground biomass was mainly distributed in the 0～10 cm soil layer,and the vertical spatial distribution structure was “T” type;the aboveground and underground biomass were negatively correlated.