不同方法对醉马草防控效果的比较

以醉马草(Achnatherum inebrians)严重发生区域为研究对象,探究物理、化学和生物方法对醉马草的防控效果,以期获得适宜的防控方法。结果表明:不同防控方法在防控当年就对醉马草种群高度、盖度、密度和地上生物量表现为一定的抑制作用;对可食牧草盖度、密度,群落多样性指数、均匀度指数表现出一定程度的促进作用。综合评价其防控效果,使用10%浓度草甘膦+皂粉(点喷)(H2)对醉马草的防除效果较好;建议在醉马草零星分布区采用人工拔除(W1),成片分布区采用高频刈割(W2);若想建立有益植物群落,则可直接补播补紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)+无芒雀麦(Bromus inermis)+紫羊茅(Festuca vubra)(1∶1.5∶1)(S2);化学和物理防控后,也可辅助补播,以稳定防控效果。

Effects of Different Control Methods on Achnatherum inebrians

To obtain the appropriate control methods,we studied the effects of physical,chemical and biological methods on A.inebrians controlling on the grassland ragged with Achnatherun inebrians.The resuits showed that,the height,coverage,density and above-ground biomass of A.inebrians population were decreased by all the control methods in the first year;while the coverage,density of the edible forage,and Shannon-wiener and Pielou index of the community were enhanced.After a comprehensive evaluation of the control effect,glyphosate (10％ concentration) + soap powder (point spray) (H2) showed the best result in controlling A.inebrians.We recommend that the control method of manual removal (W1) could be used in the area distributing A.inebrians sporadiclly,the control method of high frequency of mowing (W2) could be used in the area distributing huge tracts of A.inebrians,and the control method of reseeding Medicago sativa + Bromus inermis + Festuca vubra (1 ∶ 1.5 ∶ 1) (S2) could be used to establish a useful plant community.We recommend reseeding after implementing chemical or physical control methods in order to achieve ecological and stable control effect.