‘烟富3号’苹果不同采收期果实品质和香气物质含量分析

对着色系优系富士‘烟富3号’品种不同采收期的果实品质和香气物质含量进行了测定分析,结果表明：在10月5日至10月26日期间,随采收时间的延迟,可溶性固形物含量由13.2%增加到15.2%,可溶性糖由9.977%增加到12.967%,可滴定酸含量由0.252 mmol/g逐渐下降至0.164 mmol/g;VC含量则先增加后下降,10月26日采收的果实中VC含量仅为19日的26.7%;10月5日采摘的果实中仅检测出18种香气物质,总含量6.581μg/g,26日采摘的果实中检测出香气物质32种,总含量达到了45.770μg/g;适当延迟采收时间有利于增加可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、香气成分种类和总量,提高果实的风味和品质;在烟台地区,10月20日应该是‘烟富3号’苹果最佳食用的采摘期。

Analysis on Fruit Quality and Aroma Components of Yanfu 3 Fuji Apple Harvested at Different Times

The fruit quality and aroma compound of Yanfu 3 Fuji apple harvested at different maturing stages were measured and analyzed. The results showed that from October 5 to 26,the content of soluble solid increased from 13. 2% to 15. 2%; the content of soluble sugar increased from 9. 977% to 12. 967%; the titratable acid decreased from 0. 252 mmol/g to 0. 164 mmol/g; the content of vitamin C increased firstly and then decreased,and that in fruits harvested on October 26 was 26. 7% of that in fruits harvested on October19. Only 18 kinds of aroma components were measured in the fruits harvested on October 5,whose total content was 6. 581 μg/g; while 32 kinds of aroma components were tested in the fruits harvested on October 26,whose total content was 45. 770 μg/g. These results demonstrated that optimal delay of harvest time was benefit to increase contents of soluble solid and soluble sugar,content and type of aroma components,and improve fruit quality of Fuji apple. October 20 was the suitable harvest time of Yanfu 3 apple in Yantai district for the best fresh quality.