不同施氮量对茄子产量、品质及肥料利用率的影响

为探究不同施氮量对茄子产量、品质及肥料利用率的影响,以陇优长茄为试验材料,采用盆栽试验,测定了不同施氮水平下(0,192,231,288,384 kg/hm~2),茄子干物质积累量、产量、营养品质及各器官养分含量。结果表明,茄子产量随着氮肥用量的增加先升高后降低,T2产量最高,为61 920 kg/hm~2。氮肥用量(x)与茄子产量(y)之间存在显著的相关关系,数学模型为y=-0.570 9x2+290.03x+22 915,R2=0.989 9**。各施肥处理中,可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量均以T2最高,分别为3.433%和2.264 mg/g;维生素C以T1最高,为70.610 mg/100g;硝酸盐含量以T1最低,为311.952 mg/kg。氮肥利用率随着施氮量的减少而升高,T1最高,为36.78%;磷、钾的利用率都以T2最高,分别为23.23%,33.82%。因此,适当减少氮肥用量(T2)能够使茄子产量达到最高的同时,还可显著改善茄子品质、提高肥料的利用率。

Effects of Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Application Rates on Yield,Quality and Fertilizer Utilization Rate of Eggplant

Took pot-trialed eggplant Longyouchangqie as material to explore the effects of different nitrogen fer-tilizer application rates on yield,quality and fertilizer utilization rate of eggplant.Set five nitrogen application rates:0,192,231 ,288,384 kg /ha,and measured dry matter accumulation,yield,quality and organ nutrient content.The results showed that the yield increased at first and then decreased with the increasing of nitrogen application.Maxi-mum yield was found in T2 treatment,61 920 kg /ha.There was a significant correlation between nitrogen fertiliza-tion rate (x)and the eggplant yield (y),the mathematical mode was y =-0.570 9x2 +290.03x +22 915,R2 =0.989 9 ** .Among the fertilizer treatments,T2 had the highest content of soluble sugar and soluble protein,respec-tively were 3.433% and 2.264 mg /g,the highest content of Vc was T1 ,70.610 mg /100g,the lowest content of ni-trate was T1 ,31 1 .952 mg /kg.Nitrogen utilization rate raised with the decreasing of nitrogen amount,T1 was high-est,36.78%.T2 had the highest utilization rate of phosphorus and potassium,respectively were 23.23%,33.82%. In conclusion,appropriate to reduce nitrogen fertilizer rate (T2)can obtain highest eggplant yield,also significantly improve eggplant quality and fertilizer utilization rate.