中国矮马与普氏野马的亲缘关系

产于中国西南山地的矮马是一种珍贵的资源，它的优良品质可以与原产于设得兰群岛的欧洲矮马媲美。本文研究了产自广西德保的中国矮马骨骼标本，通过与欧洲矮马的对比，发现它们之间的头骨、颊齿和肢骨上都 存在较大的差异，显然亲缘关系较远。而中国矮马与普氏野马的头骨的比例上却相当一致，头骨在马属的系统演化中具有非常重要的意义，因此，这一结果证明中国矮马与普氏野马有密切的亲缘关系。尽管从汉代起中国已广泛引入西方马种

PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIP OF THE CHINESE MINIATURE PONY TO EQUUS PRZEWALSKII(PERISSODACATYLA,EQUIDAE)

The miniature pony from the southwestern mountains in China is a very valuable resource,and its fine quality can compare favorably with the European miniature pony whose native haunt is in Shetland Islands.The skeleton of the Chinese miniature pony from Debao County,Guangxi Autonomous Region is studied in detail.Comparing with the European miniature pony,the great differences of skulls,cheek teeth and limb bones are found between them,as a result,the Chinese miniature pony has a distant relationship to the European evidently.On the other hand,the skull proportions of the Chinese miniature pony are rather identical with those of Equus przewalskii ,which proves that the Chinese miniature pony has a closer relationship to E.przewalskii because the skull of Equus has a very important significance in phylogeny.Although the western domestic horses have been introduced widely into China since the Han Dynasty,the native domestic horses originated from E.przewalskii are still preserved in some areas.the Chinese miniature pony is a descendent that inherits the shortening genes of E.przewalskii.