4种不同钙素化肥对大蒜产量及叶片性状的影响

为了研究钙素化肥对大蒜产量及叶片性状的影响，以硫酸钙、氯化钙、过磷酸钙、钙镁磷肥4种钙素化肥为试验材料，钙肥用量为100 kg/hm2 CaO，采用完全随机区组设计，测定大蒜产量、叶长、叶宽和叶厚的结果，对试验结果进行方差分析和差异显著性比较。结果表明：4种不同种类的钙素化肥处理均比空白对照(CK)增产，增加幅度为15.48%~36.11%，且差异显著；叶长、叶宽和叶厚也比对照增加，叶长增加1.40%~6.06%、叶宽增加3.94%~10.50%，叶厚增加0.42%~25.20%，且差异显著；在3个试验地点大蒜产量的排序相同：硫酸钙>氯化钙>过磷酸钙>钙镁磷肥>空白对照(CK)；3个试验地点的所有钙肥处理的叶长、叶宽和叶厚值增加，以硫酸钙的增加效果最好，4种钙肥处理间的差异在不同试验点表现不一。在碱性石灰性土壤的大蒜种植地区，施用适量的硫酸钙、氯化钙、过磷酸钙和钙镁磷肥有明显的增产和促进叶长、叶宽、叶厚生长的作用；在4种钙肥中硫酸钙效果最好，所以，在施用钙肥时可以根据土壤的需要优先选择硫酸钙肥是大蒜生长改善、产量增加的重要方法。

Research of Effect on Garlic Yield and Leaf Traits of Four Different Calcium Fertilizers

To study the effect of different calcium fertilizer on garlic production yield and leaf traits, taking 4 kinds of commonly used calcium fertilizers (calcium sulfate, calcium chloride, calcium superphosphate, and calcium magnesium phosphate) as experimental material, setting calcium fertilizer dosage to 100 kg/hm2 CaO, completely randomized block designs are performed and the resulting data (production yield, length, width & thickness of leaf) are collected for variance analysis and difference significance comparison. Results showed that, all 4 kinds of calcium fertilizer increased the production yield than the blank control group (CK), with amplitude from 15.48% to 36.11%, and the difference was significant; the length, width & thickness of leaves also increased than CK: leaf length increased by 1.40%-6.06%, leaf width increased by 3.94%-10.50%, leaf thickness increased by 0.42%-25.20%, and the differences were significant; values of production yield on 3 different experimental sites were in the same order: calcium sulfate > calcium chloride > calcium superphosphate > calcium magnesium phosphate > CK. Leaf length, leaf width and leaf thickness increased for all calcium fertilizer processed subjects in the 3 sites, and calcium sulfate had the best performance in this respect, but differences among 4 kinds of fertilizers were inconsistent for different sites. In alkaline calcareous soil, applying appropriate amount of calcium sulfate, calcium chloride, calcium superphosphate and calcium-magnesia phosphate fertilizer could significantly increase garlic production yield, and promote the growth of garlic leaves with respect of their length, width and thickness. Among these 4 kinds of fertilizers, calcium sulfate has the best performance, and its utilization should be considered as one of the priority selections for the improvement of garlic planting.