花椰菜游离小孢子培养技术研究进展

游离小孢子培养已经成为花椰菜现代育种重要的手段之一。它可以缩短育种年限,加快育种进程,降低误选,加快种质资源的创新,游离小孢子培养已逐渐成为花椰菜育种的研究热点。笔者回顾了中国花椰菜的育种历史以及游离小孢子培养情况。着重阐述了影响小孢子培养的主要因素：基因型、生理状况、预处理、小孢子发育时期、培养基及其成分、胚状体的发生和胚培养以及小孢子植株的倍性,并提出相关的问题与展望,以期对花椰菜的育种研究提供参考。

Breeding Present Situation and Free the Isolated Microspore Culture Research Progress in Cauliflower

Isolated microspore culture has become one of the important means of broccoli modern breeding. It can shorten the breeding period, speed up the breeding process, reduce the error, speed up the germplasm innovation, isolated microspore culture has gradually become the focus in the broccoli breeding. This article reviewed the breeding history of cauliflower and isolated microspore culture in China. It emphatically expounded microspore culture of the main factors: affecting microspore culture, genotype, period of microspore, physiological status, pretreatment, culture medium and its composition, the occurrence of embryoid and embryo culture and times of microspore plant. And it put forward related problems and prospect, in order to provide reference for the breeding research of cauliflower.