土壤机械压实与甜菜生长研究进展

土壤机械压实是由于机械化作业引起的土壤结构破坏，导致土壤质量下降，已经成为制约农业可持续发展障碍因子之一。笔者阐述了国内外有关土壤机械压实对土壤容重、坚实度、孔隙度、地表水分渗透、土壤含水率等特性的影响，分析了土壤压实后引起的农业机械机组作业阻力增加、油耗上升，以及对甜菜生长的不利影响，造成甜菜产质量下降。提出了在大力发展甜菜生产机械化发展的同时，应切实考虑其负面影响，采取固定到作业、联合作业等技术措施，改善土壤压实情况，确保甜菜可持续生产。

Research Evolvement on Mechanized Soil Compaction and Sugar Beet Growth

Soil compaction was due to soil structure damage resulting in soil degradation caused by mechanized operation, which has become one of the obstacles restricting factors for agricultural sustainable development. The paper expounded that soil compaction influenced on soil bulk density, hardness, porosity, surface water infiltration, soil moisture content and other characteristics in internal and external nation, and it also analyzed that soil compaction caused resistance and fuel consumption increase by agricultural mechanization operation, as well as adverse effects on sugar beet growth to reduce its yield and sugar content. In promoting the development of mechanization for sugar beet production, the negative effects of soil compaction should be seriously considered, and effective measures such as controlled traffic and joint operations etc. should be taken to improve the situation of soil compaction in order to ensure sustainable production of sugar beet.