海南省甘蔗寄生线虫调查与鉴定

2011～2014年，调查了海南省6个县市125份甘蔗根际土样的植物线虫发生情况。结果显示，海南甘蔗地每百克土壤中平均含有植物寄生线虫57条，其中沙性土壤中线虫平均含量达到143条，高于粘性土壤的42条。所分离出的线虫分布于13个属，包括矮化线虫属(Tylenchorhynchus spp.)、根结线虫属(Meloidogyne spp.)、短体线虫属(Pratylenchus spp.)、剑线虫属(Xiphenema spp.)、长针线虫属(Longidorus spp.)、毛刺线虫属(Trichodorus spp.)、拟毛刺线虫属(Paratrichodorus spp.)、拟长针线虫属(Paralongidorus spp.)、螺旋线虫属(Helicotylenchus spp.)、肾形线虫属(Rotylenchulus spp.)、垫刃线虫属(Tylenchus spp.)、滑刃线虫属(Aphelenchus spp.)和小环线虫属(Criconemella spp.)等。根据形态学特征及测量值，初步鉴定饰环矮化线虫(Tylenchorhynchus annulatus)及玉米短体线虫(Pratylenchus zeae)为海南甘蔗上的优势种类。

Investigation and Identification of Plant-Parasitic Nematode on Sugarcane in Hainan Province

The occurrence of parasitic nematodes on sugarcane plants in six counties of Hainan province was investigated from 2011 to 2014. The average numbers of parasitic nematodes were 57 per 100 g soil. The sandy soil contained much more nematodes than the clay soil, as estimated by the mean numbers. It has been recorded that the highest number was 314 per 100 g sandy soil. The isolated nematodes were distributed among 13 genera, which were Tylenchorhynchus spp., Meloidogyne spp., Pratylenchus spp, Xiphenema spp., Longidorus spp., Trichodorus spp., Paratrichodorus spp., Paralongidorus spp., Helicotylenchus spp., Rotylenchulus spp., Tylenchus spp., Aphelenchus spp., and Criconemella spp. According to the morphological measurement, it has been demonstrated that the major sugarcane parasitic nematodes could be identified as Tylenchorhynchus annulatus and Pratylenchus zeae.