Leading the pack: Best practices in comparative canine cancer genomics to inform human oncology |
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| Authors: | Cheryl A London Heather Gardner Shaying Zhao Deborah W Knapp Sagar M Utturkar Dawn L Duval Melissa R Chambers Elaine Ostrander Jeffrey M Trent Gina Kuffel |
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| Institution: | 1. Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, Massachusetts, USA;2. University of Georgia Cancer Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA;3. College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA;4. Purdue Institute for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA;5. College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA;6. School of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA;7. Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA;8. Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA;9. National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA |
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| Abstract: | Pet dogs develop spontaneous cancers at a rate estimated to be five times higher than that of humans, providing a unique opportunity to study disease biology and evaluate novel therapeutic strategies in a model system that possesses an intact immune system and mirrors key aspects of human cancer biology. Despite decades of interest, effective utilization of pet dog cancers has been hindered by a limited repertoire of necessary cellular and molecular reagents for both in vitro and in vivo studies, as well as a dearth of information regarding the genomic landscape of these cancers. Recently, many of these critical gaps have been addressed through the generation of a highly annotated canine reference genome, the creation of several tools necessary for multi-omic analysis of canine tumours, and the development of a centralized repository for key genomic and associated clinical information from canine cancer patients, the Integrated Canine Data Commons. Together, these advances have catalysed multidisciplinary efforts designed to integrate the study of pet dog cancers more effectively into the translational continuum, with the ultimate goal of improving human outcomes. The current review summarizes this recent progress and provides a guide to resources and tools available for comparative study of pet dog cancers. |
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| Keywords: | canine genome data analysis tumour genomics |
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