玉米秸秆发酵生产乙醇的工艺研究

[目的]研究玉米秸秆被稀硫酸预处理后，经纤维素酶转化，并利用混合茵发酵生产乙醇的工艺条件。[方法]以唐山丰润当年产玉米秸秆为研究对象，用1．0％的稀硫酸预处理，用里氏木霉生产纤维素酶，在纤维素酶、热带假丝酵母、酿酒酵母共同作用下采用同步糖化共发酵法生产乙醇。[结果]结果表明，纤维素酶生产的最适条件为：玉米秸秆由稀硫酸处理后，滤渣中添加适量营养，接入1．8×10^7～1．9×10^7个／g底物Tr／choderma reesei TJK-108孢子悬浮液，于30℃固态培养7d。最适发酵条件为：发酵温度31℃，发酵周期72h，转速120r／min，纤维素酶用量35IU／g（对底物），热带假丝酵母与酿酒酵母的接种比2：1，酵母菌接种量为10％。在最适发酵条件下，乙醇产率为0．150g/g（乙醇／玉米秸秆），比其他试验组产率都高。[结论]玉米秸秆是价廉易得和来源丰富的可再生资源和能源，被纤维素酶转化后可以生产乙醇部分替代石油，这不仅有利于环境保护和资源再利用，而且可减少温室气体的排放和缓解化石能源的危机。

Research on Ethanol Production through Fermented Corn Stalk

[Objective] The research aimed to study the technological conditions of ethanol production through cellulase transformation and mixed bacteria fermentation after corn stalk being pre-processed by the diluted sulphuric acid.[Method] Taking the corn stalk planted the same year in Fengren of Tangshan as the research object,ethanol was produced by synchronizing glycosylation fermentation under the mutual function of cellulase,Candida tropicalis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae SQY-002 after the corn stalk being pre-processed and the cellulase being produced by Trichodera reesei TJK-108.[Result] The test indicated that the most suitable condition of cellulose production was to add suitable nutrition into the filter's residue after the corn stalk being pre-processed by diluted sulphuric acid and take 1.8×107～1.9×107/g substrate Trichoderma reesei TJK-108 spore suspension into 30 ℃ solid medium 7 d.The most suitable condition of fermentation was as follows:The temperature was 31 ℃,the period of fermentation was 72 h,the rotation speed was 120 r/min,the dosage of cellulase was 35 IU/g,the ratio between Candida tropica1is and Saccharomycete cerevisiae was 2∶1 and the quantity of yeast inoculation was 10%.The the yield of ethanol was 0.150 g/g(ethanol/corn stalk) under the most suitable condition,higher than the other test groups.[Conclusion] Corn stalk is a kind of cheap,rich and renewable resources.It can be easily obtained to produce ethanol which can partially replace oil,so as to help improve environment and relax chemical and oil crisis.