核酸疫苗的研究进展

传统疫苗是基于抗原刺激机体产生特异性抗体的原理，它们大多数激发机体的体液免疫，很难启动细胞免疫。而核酸疫苗是将外源基因与真核质粒重组后直接导入细胞内，使外源基因在宿主细胞内表达合成保护性抗原蛋白。这是模拟病毒自然感染提呈过程，这既能产生细胞免疫，又能产生体液免疫。本文就核酸疫苗的构成、特点、影响免疫效果的因素、研究进展及其存在的问题和展望作一综述。

Study progess on nucleic acid vaccines

Traditional vaccines are based on antigen stimulating economy producing special antibody which excite economy body fluid immunity mostly but hardly starting cell immunity．Nucleic acid vaccines recombine outer gene with eukaryotic expression plasmid，transmiting into cell directly，making it into host cell expression and compounding protection antigen albumen．．It is the simulation as natural infectious process thus it is not only stimulating cell immunity but also producing body fluid immunity．this article summarizes nucleic acid vaccines structure，characteristic，factors of affecting immune，studying evolve and existing problem．