小麦黄花叶病抗性鉴定及抗性亲本简单重复序列

小麦梭条斑花叶病毒（wheat spindle streak mosaic virus，WSSMV）又名小麦黄花叶病毒（wheat yellow mosaic virus，WYMV）是造成小麦Triticum aestivum减产的重要病害。不同的小麦品种对WYMV病害的抗性表现相当复杂。推广抗性品种是防止WYMV大面积田间发病的有效措施。以从国内外收集到的527个小麦品种/系为材料，对其WYMV抗性进行了病圃鉴定，筛选抗性稳定的品种/系，并以其中推广面积较大的WYMV抗性和敏感品种为亲本筛选在抗性和敏感亲本间具有多态性的简单重复序列（SSR）标记。结果表明:527个候选材料中只有10个品种/系的抗性相对比较稳定。以其中3个推广面积较大的WYMV抗性品种丰抗1号T. aestivum Fengkang 1，石家庄72 T. aestivum Shijiazhuang 72，郑麦9023 T. aestivum Zhengmai 9023以及2个推广面积较大的WYMV敏感型品种扬麦158 T. aestivum Yangmai 158和烟农22 T. aestivum Yangnong 22为亲本，筛选在抗性和敏感亲本间具有多态性的SSR标记。结果表明:丰抗1号/扬麦158和石家庄72/扬麦158间的简单重复序列多态性最大，分别为64.0%和63.3%。因此，以WYMV抗性品种丰抗1号和石家庄72，以及WYMV敏感品种扬麦158为亲本材料构建作图群体更有利于利用分子标记对控制WYMV抗性数量性状位点（QTLs）进行精细定位和目标基因的图位克隆。图2表3参17

Selection of wheat having resistance to yellow mosaic virus and screen out SSR molecular markers having polymorphism between resistant and sensitive parents

Wheat yellow mosaic virus （WYMV）, one of the most devastating diseases of cereals, also called wheat spindle streak mosaic virus （WSSMV）, has different effects on different cultivars of wheat. Breeding and growing resistant cultivars is one of the most effective method to defense WYMV. Selection of suitable parents for the formation of mapping population for QTLs mapping involved in WYMV is a basic work to breed new WYMV resistant cultivars. In this study, 527 different cultivars / lines of wheat from different districts at home and abroad were introduced and identified in disease plots with three different experimental plots and three replications each plot. Then polymorphic simple sequence repeats （SSRs） markers were screened out between resistant and sensitive parents which had a larger planting area than other wheat cultivars. Results showed that only ten of the 527 candidate materials had a relatively more stable WYMV disease resistance. Three WYMV resistant wheat cultivars out of ten resistant materials including Fengkang 1Shijiazhuang 72and Zhengmai 9023and two sensitive wheat cultivars with a wider planting area, Yangmai 158 and Yannong 22, were selected for further comparison. Higher polymorphic rates were obtained with the parental group of Fengkang 1 and Yangmai 158 （64.0%） and the parental group of Shijiazhuang 72 and Yangmai 158（63.3%） than other groups. Therefore, using WYMV resistant cultivars Fengkang 1 and Shijiazhuang 72, along with WYMV sensitive parent Yangmai 158 to form mapping populations would be more opportune for fine mapping of quantitative trait locus （QTLs） involved in WYMV resistance and map-based gene cloning. ［Ch, 2 fig. 3 tab. 17 ref.］