Microbial respiration activities of soils from different climatic regions of European Russia |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Geosciences, Physical Geography and Soil Science, University of Tübingen, D-72074 Tübingen, Germany;2. CSIRO Land and Water — Black Mountain, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia;3. State Key Laboratory of Environment and Resources Information System, Institute of Geographical Science and Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;4. Department of Geography, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA;1. Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, 84156-83111 Isfahan, Iran;2. Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China;3. Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran;4. Department of Soil Management, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium |
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| Abstract: | The aim of this study was to survey and evaluate the microbial respiration of main soil types (gleyic Cryosols, umbric Albeluvisols, albic Luvisols, luvic Chernozems, Kastanozems) across European Russia, from semiarid to polar climatic zones. Soil was sampled from 0–5 and 5–10 cm layers at natural (forest, grassland, fallow) and corresponding sites under agricultural land use. Soil microbial biomass carbon (Cmic) determined by the substrate-induced respiration method and basal respiration (BR) were measured under standardized laboratory conditions (22 °C, 60% WHC). The ratios of BR/Cmic and Cmic/Corg were also calculated. Cmic and BR were highest in polar (gleyic Cryosols) and temperate (albic Luvisols, luvic Chernozems) climatic zones, the lowest were in boreal (umbric Luvisols) and semiarid (Kastanozems). Cmic, BR and Cmic/Corg ratios were higher in 0–5 cm layers compared to the corresponding 5–10 cm and in natural sites versus in arable. Principal component analysis yielded a clear separation of the vegetation zones with respect to the several principal components (PC). PC 1 was composed of Cmic, BR, soil chemical (Corg, Ntot) and texture parameters. PC 2 was composed of climatic (MAT, MAP) and soil pH variables. Three-way ANOVA indicated that “soil type”, “ecosystem” and “layer” factors, and their interactions accounted for almost 98 and 99% of the total variance in Cmic and BR, respectively. |
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