Etiology of and effect of environmental factors on damping-off and stem rot of cowpea in Benin |
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| Authors: | A Adandonon T A S Aveling N Labuschagne B C Ahohuendo |
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| Institution: | (1) International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria;(2) Cotonou Station, Benin;(3) National Institute of Agricultural Research (INRAB), Cotonou, Benin;(4) Dept. of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa;(5) Dept. of Crop Production and Protection, National University of Benin, Abomey-Calavi, Benin |
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| Abstract: | Damping-off and stem rot are two types of diseases affecting cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) in the Quémé Valley, Benin. Of the fungal species isolated from diseased plants in the field during a 2-year
experiment (2001 and 2002),Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. was found to be solely responsible for these diseases. The disease incidence decreased with increasing distance of
the field from the river. Measurement ofS. rolfsii initial inoculum, soil moisture and disease incidence in cowpea field plots revealed a positive correlation among these parameters.
The multiple regression analysis showed that the disease incidence increase was 0.4% for one unit increase in soil moisture
percent, whereas the disease incidence increase was 19.8% for one unit increase of the density of initial inoculum of the
pathogen. This is the first comprehensive study of the effects of environmental factors on the incidence of cowpea damping-off
and stem rot caused byS. rolfsii in Benin, and shows that the density of the initial inoculum is the main contributing factor of the disease in the field
in the Quémé Valley.
http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Dec. 19, 2004. |
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| Keywords: | Initial inoculum soil moisture susceptibility temperature Vigna unguiculata |
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