花垣河重污染河段水环境健康风险评价及监测因子分析

为了了解花垣河流域锰冶炼工业导致的河流水质污染状况,评估河流水环境健康风险水平,根据2007年1月至2015年12月花垣河流域锰冶炼行业重污染河段的6个点位水体中的特征污染物氨氮、氟化物、挥发酚、氰化物、Cd、Cr~(6+)、Zn、Pb、As、Hg的监测数据,进行年风险评价,并运用MATLAB软件进行相关性及主成分回归分析。结果表明:点位1~5水体中的污染物监测值均高于对照点位6,点位1~5水体中污染物的年风险水平9 a平均值为对照点位的9.58~10.41倍;各点位污染物之间的相关性分析发现,氨氮和Cd的监测值在P0.01水平有显著正相关性,氰化物和Cr~(6+)的监测值在P0.01水平有显著负相关性,氨氮和Pb的监测值在P0.05水平有显著正相关性;各点位之间相关性分析发现,点位1~5之间在P0.01水平有显著正相关性;Cd、氨氮、氰化物、Cr~(6+)、Pb是个人年风险值的主要影响因素,对主要污染物的主成分分析得出点位1~5的个人年风险值预测方程,预测方程残差的偏差绝对值小于0.5×10-6、P0.001,说明预测方程拟合性良好。

Water Environment Health Risk Assessment and Monitoring Factors Analysis of Heavy Metal Pollution Section in Huayuan River

In order to explore the water pollution caused by the manganese smelting industry and assess water environmental health risk level of Huayuan river, water samples were collected from Jan. 2007 to Dec. 2015 at 6 sites of manganese smelting industry heavy pollution section in Huayuan river. The characteristic pollutants of ammonia-nitrogen, fluoride, volatile phenol, cyanide, Cd, Cr6+, Zn, Pb, As and Hg were monitored, and the water quality monitoring data were analyzed by using health risk assessment of per year, correlation and principal component regression were analyzed by MATLAB software. The results indicated that the levels of pollutants in the water quality monitoring data of sites 1-5 were higher than those in site 6 (control site), The average value of the health risk of site 1-5 to the individual person per year was 9.58 to 10.41 times than that of site 6 (control site) in the past nine years. Correlation analysis of the relationship among pollutants in different monitoring sites confirmed that the monitoring value of ammonia-nitrogen and Cd had a significant positive correlation atP<0.01 level, the monitoring value of cyanide and Cr6+ had a significant negative correlation atP<0.01 level, the monitoring value of ammonia-nitrogen and Pb had a significant positive correlation at P<0.05 level. Correlation analysis of different monitoring sites showed, significant positive correlation also existed among sites 1-5 at P<0.01 level. In addition, Cd, ammonia-nitrogen, cyanide, Cr6+, and Pb were the main factors for the health risk to the individual person per year, the principal component analysis of these main pollutants resulted the health risk prediction equations to the individual person per year of site 1-5 could be accessible, and the residuals absolute value of prediction equations was less than 0.5×10-6,P<0.001, this indicates that the prediction equation is well fitted.