粉棒束孢对柑橘全爪螨的毒杀活性及其生物学特性

室内测定了粉棒束孢(Paecilomyces farinosus)菌株nq1–1对柑橘全爪螨雌成螨的毒力,并通过单因素试验,分析该菌的生物学特性。结果表明:nq1–1菌株对柑橘全爪螨雌成螨的LC_(50)和LT_(50)分别为1.59×10~7/mL和7.9 d;菌株最适生长和产孢培养基分别为萨氏培养基和PDA培养基;蔗糖和有机氮源(赖氨酸)有利于该菌生长和产孢;菌丝生长和产孢的最适温度均为20℃,最适孢子萌发温度为25~28℃;菌丝生长、产孢以及孢子萌发的最适pH均为6.0;nq1–1菌株具有较强的抗紫外线能力;82.6%氧化亚铜(水分散粒剂)、75%百菌清(可湿性粉剂)、50%喹啉铜(可湿性粉剂)等杀菌剂与菌株相容性较好。nq1–1菌株对柑橘全爪螨有较好的毒杀活性,喜好偏低温、中性以及富含有机营养的环境。

Biological characteristics and miticide activity of Paecilomyces farinosus to Panonychus citri

The miticide activity of Paecilomyces farinosusstrainnq1-1 to Panonychus citri(McGregor) was determined by the method of indoor toxicity, and single factor tests were used to explore the biological characteristics of the strain. The results indicated that theLC50andLT50of strain nq1-1 toPanonychus citri(McGregor) was respectively 1.59×107/mL and 7.9 d. SDAY and PDA medium were both the optimum mediums to strain nq1-1 for hyphal growth and sporulation. Sucrose and lysine were conducive to fungal growth and sporulation. The most suitable culture temperature for hyphal growth and sporulation were 20℃, and temperature at 25-28℃ was most conductive to the spore germination. The optimum pH for hyphal growth, sporulation and spore germination was 6.0. UV had no significant effect on strain nq1-1. Moreover, strain nq1-1 had a good compatibility with 82.6% cuprous oxide WG, 75% chlorothalonil WP, 50% oxine-copper WP. In conclusion, strain nq1-1 was toxic to Panonychus citri(McGregor), and grew best under slightly low temperature, neutral pH and high organic nutrition.