腹泻仔猪与健康仔猪粪便菌群多样性的比较

本试验旨在探究腹泻仔猪与健康仔猪粪便菌群多样性及结构的差异。采集同等饲养条件下的8份腹泻和8份健康哺乳仔猪的粪便样本,利用16S rRNA高通量测序技术对健康仔猪和腹泻仔猪粪便菌群进行比较。结果表明:健康仔猪粪便菌群的多样性高于腹泻仔猪(P<0.05);与健康仔猪粪便菌群组成相比,腹泻仔猪变形菌门(Proteobacteria)的相对丰度增加(P<0.05),而拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)降低(P<0.05);在属的分类水平上,腹泻仔猪粪便中埃希氏-志贺菌属(Escherichia-Shigella)和乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)的相对丰度高于健康仔猪(P<0.05),而拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)、Lachnoclostridium和瘤胃球菌属(Ruminococcus)低于健康仔猪(P<0.05)。综上表明,腹泻仔猪与健康仔猪粪便菌群的多样性和结构存在显著差异,埃希氏-志贺菌属的相对丰度显著增加可能是仔猪腹泻的重要原因之一。

Comparison of Fecal Microbial Diversity between Diarrheal Piglets and Healthy Piglets

This study was conducted to explore the differences of fecal microbiota of piglets with diarrhea and healthy piglets. Fecal samples were collected from healthy(n=8) or diarrheal(n=8) piglets at the same feeding conditions. The fecal microbiota of healthy and diarrheal piglets was compared using 16 S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology. From our results, the fecal microbiota of healthy group was more diverse than that in the diarrhea group and statistical difference was observed(P<0.05). Compared with healthy group, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria was significantly increased in the diarrhea group, while Bacteroidetes was decreased(P<0.05). At the genus level, Escherichia-Shigella and Lactobacillus were the predominant genera in the diarrheal piglets, whereas the relative abundance of Bacteroides, Lachnoclostridium and Ruminococcus was lower than that in the healthy group(P<0.05). Our findings revealed that there were significant differences in fecal microbial diversity and structure between diarrheal and healthy piglets. The significant increase in relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the gut may be one of the important causes of diarrhea in piglets.