保育和育肥猪舍气溶胶微生物组成和四环素类抗性基因丰度研究

本研究旨在比较保育舍和育肥舍气溶胶微生物组成和四环素类抗性基因丰度的差异。采集8个保育舍和8个育肥舍的空气样品,用RT-qPCR方法检测特定微生物类群的相对丰度和四环素类抗性基因的绝对丰度。结果表明:与保育舍相比,育肥舍气溶胶微生物组中厚壁菌门、乳酸杆菌属、罗伊氏乳杆菌和约氏乳杆菌丰度显著提高(P<0.05),而拟杆菌门、梭菌属和普雷沃氏菌属丰度显著降低(P<0.05);育肥舍气溶胶中TetB、TetH、TetZ、TetO、TetQ和TetW的拷贝数显著低于保育舍(P<0.05);主成分分析表明,保育舍和育肥舍气溶胶可按照微生物丰度和四环素类抗性基因丰度进行聚类。由此可见,不同猪舍类型微生物组成存在明显差异,保育舍抗性基因丰度显著高于育肥舍。

Comparison of Bacterial Composition and Antibiotic Resistance Genes Abundances in Bioaerosols between Nursery Buildings and Finishing Buildings

The present study was conducted to compare the microbial composition and abundances of tetracycline resistance genes in bioaerosols between nursery buildings and finishing buildings. Airborne samples from eight nursery buildings and eight finishing buildings were collected to determine the abundances of specific microbes and the copies of antibiotic resistance genes by using RT-qPCR. The results showed that the abundances of phylum Firmicutes, Lactobacillus,Lactobacillus reuteri and Lactobacillus johnsonii were higher in finishing buildings than those in nursery buildings(P<0.05). In addition,the abundances of phylum Bacteroidetes, Clostridia and Prevotella were lower in finishing buildings than those in nursery buildings(P<0.05). The primary component analyses showed that the bioaerosols of swine confinement buildings could be clustered by bacterial abundances or copy numbers of antibiotic resistance genes. In conclusion, the bioaerosol microbial composition in nursery buildings was different from that in finishing buildings, and the copies of antibiotic resistance genes were higher in nursery buildings than those in finishing buildings.