电子束对番茄种子萌发及幼苗生理生化特性的影响

为了确定电子束对番茄种子及幼苗的影响,本试验采用200、300、400、500和600 Gy 5个剂量的电子束分别辐照两个番茄品种黄盆栽和1479的干种子,以未辐照种子为对照,分析电子束处理对番茄种子萌发及其幼苗生理生化特性的影响。结果表明,随着电子束辐照剂量的增加,黄盆栽和1479种子的发芽率逐渐降低;当电子束剂量达到600 Gy时,黄盆栽和1479种子的发芽率分别为对照的97.2%和77.2%。此外,随着电子束辐照剂量的增加,番茄幼苗叶片内渗透调节物质,如游离脯氨酸(Pro)和丙二醛(MDA)含量显著增加,其中Pro含量增加最为明显;抗氧化酶活性也发生一定的变化,但无明显规律性。总之,不同剂量电子束对番茄种子的影响不同,相同剂量的电子束对不同品种番茄种子的影响也有显著差异,黄盆栽抗辐射能力较1479强。本研究结果为电子束辐照技术在番茄诱变育种中的应用提供了理论指导。

Effects of Electron Beam on Seed Germination and Physiological and Biochemical Properties of Tomato Seedling

To determine the effect of electron beam on tomato seeds and seedlings. The dry seeds of two tomato cultivars, Huangpenzai and 1479, were respectively irradiated by six doses of electron beam (0, 200, 300, 400, 500, and 600 Gy) in this study. Then analyzed the germination rate of treated seeds and the physiological and biochemical properties of corresponding seedlings. The results showed that different doses of electron beam had significantly different effects on the seed germination rate and the physiological and biochemical properties of corresponding seedlings. With the increases of electron beam dose, the germination rate of Huangpenzai and 1479 treated by 600 Gy were both decreased significantly and reduced to 97.2% and 77.2% of that of the control. In addition, with electron beam dose increasing, many osmotic substances were increased significantly, proline (Pro) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were the two most increased substances; the activities of antioxidant enzymes were also changed, but did not show a certain trend with electron beam dose increasing. The effect of electron beam on tomato seeds was different at different dose, and the effect of the same dose on different tomato varieties seeds was also significantly different. In general, Huangpenzai showed stronger radiation resistance than 1479. The study would be helpful for the application of electron beam in tomato mutation breeding.