澳洲坚果种质资源叶片表型多样性分析及其数量分类研究

以86份澳洲坚果种质资源为试材,分析澳洲坚果种质叶片表型多样性,并根据其多样性进行数量分类。结果表明:8个描述性状平均变异类型3.8个,嫩叶颜色和叶片形状的变异类型最为丰富,各为5个;4个数量性状中,叶柄长度的变异系数最大为23.33%,叶片宽度的变异系数最小为13.59%;Q型聚类分析将86份种质资源在欧氏距离为6.85时分为光壳种及光壳种与粗壳种的杂交种2个组群;R型聚类分析将12个表型性状在相关系数1.16处聚为4组,多数性状表现两两相关;主成分分析结果将12个表型性状简化为5个主成分,解释的总变异为71.120 9%,更为直观展现了叶片表型特点,其结果与聚类分析基本一致。因此,澳洲坚果种质资源的叶片表型存在丰富的多样性,叶序、嫩叶颜色、叶尖形状、叶缘形状、叶缘刺、叶柄长度、叶形指数对数量分类起重要作用,基于叶片表型多样性的数量分类为构建澳洲坚果种质分类体系具有一定的应用价值。

Leaf Character Diversity Analysis and Numerical Classification of Macadamia spp. Germplasm Resources

The phenotypic genetic diversity of the leaf from 86 macadamia germplasm resources was analyzed,and the numerical classification was studied based on the diversity.The results showed that the average variation type among 8 described characters was up to 3.8,and the color of the young leaf and the shape of leaf had the most variation with coefficient 5.Among 4 numerical characters,the length of leaf petiolar was the largest and the coefficient of variation was 23.33％,and the smallest coefficient of variation of the leaf width was 13.59％.The result of Q cluster analysis based on 12 leaf phenotypic characters demonstrated that the 86 macadamia germplasm resources were divided into two groups at the Euclidean distance of 6.85,i.e.,M.integrifolia and M.integrifolia/M,tetraphylla Hybrids.The result of R cluster analysis showed that 12 phenotypic characters related were significantly clustered into four groups at coefficient of 1.16.12 phenotypic characters were mainly composed of 5 independent principal components,explained 71.120 9％ of total variance,and principal component analysis more directly demonstrated the characteristics of leaf phenotypic characters.The results were basically consistent with that of the cluster analysis.Therefore,the phenotypic genetic diversity of the leaf was abundant in macadamia germplasm resources.The leaf arrangement,leaf margin sting,the length of leaf petiole,the color of young leaf,the shape of leaf apex,the shape of leaf margin and leaf shape index played an important role in the numerical classification.Based on the diversity of leaf phenotypic characters,numerical classification had a certain applied value for building the classification system of macadamia germplasm resources.