辣木屑对秀珍菇子实体产量与品质的影响

试验拟探讨添加不同比例辣木屑作为培养原料栽培秀珍菇对其菌丝生长、子实体产量与品质的影响。结果表明:添加辣木屑可促进秀珍菇菌丝的生长,但添加60%以上时,秀珍菇产量会显著降低;添加40%或50%时秀珍菇产量无明显降低。添加50%辣木屑时,秀珍菇子实体的总氨基酸含量显著增加,而粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、无氮浸出物和灰分均无显著差异;子实体的重金属镉、砷、铅和汞含量均无显著差异,且均未超出污染标准;子实体硒含量显著升高,并达到富硒食用菌标准。说明辣木屑完全可用于栽培秀珍菇,其适宜使用量为40%~50%;适量的辣木屑可保证秀珍菇产量的同时,提高秀珍菇的品质,特别是可提高秀珍菇的硒含量,是生产富硒秀珍菇产品的良好原料。

Effects of sawdust of Moringa oleifera Lam.on the yield and quality of fruit body of Pleurotus pulmonarius

In this paper,the effects on the growth of mycelia,yields and quality of fruit body of Pleurotus pulmonarius were studied,which was cultivated using substrates added with different percentages of sawdust of Moringa oleifera Lam.(as Lam-sawdust).The results showed that,the Lam-sawdust promoted the mycelial growth,but caused a loss of yield of fruit body when it was used as 60％ or above of the cultivation substrates.There were no significant decrease of yields when the Lam-sawdust taken for 40％ or 50％ of cultivation substrates.Compared with the fruit body of Pleurotus pulmonarius harvested from the substrates added without or with 50％ of Lam-sawdust,significant higher level of total amino acid was found on the later,while no significant difference on the contents of crude protein,crude fat,crude fiber,nitrogen free extract and ash were found between them;there were also no significant difference between them on the contents of Cd,As,Pb and Hg,and all of which were not in excess of the heavy metal standards;significant higher level of Se was found on the later,which arrived at the standard level of selenium rich foods for edible fungi.The results suggested that it is practicable to apply Lam-sawdust in the cultivation of Pleurotus pulmonarius,and its optimum percentage is 40％-50％ in the cultivation substrates;an appropriate amount of Lam-sawdust in the substrates not only ensures the yield of the fruit body of Pleurotus pulmonarius,but also improves its quality,especially improves the levels of selenium content.Therefore,it would be an altemative material for producing Se-enriched products of Pleurotus pulmonarius.