海南省冬季蔬菜病毒病发生情况调查

病毒病是海南冬季蔬菜生产上的一类重要病害,发生为害日趋严重。通过对海南17个市县88个乡镇冬季蔬菜病毒病发生情况调查,同时采用ELISA或PCR方法对田间采集的1 385份样本进行病毒检测,结果表明:病毒病发生严重程度依次为黄瓜辣椒小白菜南瓜樱桃番茄菜豆豇豆。150份黄瓜样本中,CMV、CGMMV和TMV检出率分别为63.3%、22.67%和21.33%;180份南瓜样本中,CMV、TMV和CGMMV检出率分别为53.89%、5%和1.12%;220份辣椒样本中,CMV、TMV和TSWV检出率分别为49.1%、41.4%和1.53%;170份樱桃番茄样本中,TMV、CMV、BBWV和粉虱传双生病毒检出率分别为40%、34.7%、1.18%和3.53%;350份小白菜样本中,Tu MV和CMV检出率分别为49.1%和20.9%;130份菜豆样本中,CMV和BBWV检出率分别为30%和12.3%;195份豇豆样本中,CMV和BBWV检出率分别为9.2%和2.6%。CMV可以侵染已检测的4个科的所有蔬菜种类,检出率在9.23%~63.33%。已检测的所有蔬菜种类中,均存在2种或2种以上病毒的混合侵染,混合侵染率在0.56%~26.36%。

Investigation on Virus Diseases of Vegetables Cultivated in Winter in Hainan Province

Plant viral disease is one of the most important diseases of vegetables cultivated in Hainan,and it has become more and more severe.The occurrence of plant viral disease was investigated in 88 townships of Hainan province.Viruses were detected by using ELISA and PCR methods from a total of 1385 samples of vegetables collected in the 88 townships.The results showed that viral disease infection severity was in the order of cucumber ＞ pepper ＞ Chinese cabbage ＞ pumpkin ＞ cherry tomato ＞ bean ＞cowpea.The detection rates of CMV,CGMMV and TMV in the 150 cucumber samples were 63.3％,22.67％ and 21.33％,respectively;the detection rates of CMV,CGMMV and TMV in the 180 pumpkin samples 53.89％,5％ and 1.12％;the detection rates of CMV,TMV and TSWV in the 220 pepper samples 49.1％,41.4％ and 1.53％;the detection rates of TMV,CMV,BBWV and WTG in the 170 cherry tomato samples 40％,34.7％,1.18％ and 3.53％;the detection rates of TuMV and CMV in the 350 Chinese cabbage samples 49.1％ and 20.9％;the detection rates of CMV and BBWV in the 130 bean samples 30％ and 12.3％;the detection rates of CMV and BBWV in the 195 cowpea samples 9.2％ and 2.6％.CMV could infect all vegetables since it was detected in all the samples with a detection rate ranging from 9.23％ to 63.33％.Combined virus infection was found in all the species of vegetables collected in this study,and the combined infection detection rate was 0.56％～26.36％.