玉米小孢子胚胎发生的细胞形态学观察

通过观察玉米小孢子胚胎发生的细胞形态学特征，发现：离体培养条件下单核后期的花粉可以通过均等分裂和不均等分裂两条途径形成胚状体，与前人的研究结果一致。淀粉的积累，多核小孢子的液泡化以及花药壁的衰退都可影响雄核发育。将诱导培养3周的花药转移到降低蔗糖浓度、去除TZBA并附加KT的分化培养基上，有利于球形胚和梨形胚的极性分化和成熟，而发育较迟的胚状体则停止发育，趋向退化。因此胚状体之间出现明显的两极分化。

CYTO MORPHOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS OF MAIZE MICROSPORIC EMBRYOGENESIS

To study the mechanism of maize microsporic embryogenesis during anther culture procedure,the cyto morphological features were observed.The results were as follows: 1.Inoculated on the induction medium at the late uninucleate stage,the microspores could initiate embryogenesis by first divisions in both symmetric and asymmetric patterns,but the former was predominant.The accumulation of starch, vacuolation of multinucleate microspores and degeneration of anther wall affected microsporic embryogenesis. 2.Three weeks after inoculation,anthers were transfered to differentiation medium with 2% sucrose and 1mg/L KT.This method was favourable to differentiation and maturity of sphere or pear like embryoids but accelerated the degeneration of other less developed multicellular structures.It was suggested that the quality of androgentic structures influenced their regeneration abilities.