土壤环境质量标准研究现状及展望

 概述了国内外土壤环境质量标准的制订方法——地球化学法、生态环境效应法和有效态毒性临界值法,指出了各种方法的优点和不足。对我国现行的《土壤环境质量标准》中存在的问题进行了分析,对其中一、二级标准制订的原则,污染物种类和临界值的确定,以及有效态作为土壤环境质量标准的评价指标等问题作了进一步讨论。建议土壤环境质量标准的制订应考虑地域特点,应增加标准中有机污染物的种类和重金属有效态作为评价指标,应降低标准中铅的临界值。

Advance in the Research on Soil Environmental Quality Standard in China and Its Prospect

This paper summarized the main methods for formulating soil environmental quality standard(SEQS), which included geochemical method, eco-environmental effect method and poisonous critical value method of available heavy metal, of which the advantage and shortage were also discussed. The existing problems of current SEQS in China were pointed out and the formulating principle of first and second class standard, the determination of polluted matter types and their critical value in SEQS were further discussed. Proposals were given to the formulation of SEQS, which included that the regional feature should be considered, the items of organic polluted matter should be changed and added, and the available form of heavy metal should be used as evaluation index, as well as the critical value of lead should be decreased.