富硒营养素对关中灌区小麦籽粒硒含量和产量的影响

为探索适宜关中灌区富硒小麦生产的农艺技术,2018—2019年在关中灌区4个具有代表性的地点三原、兴平、武功和临渭进行试验,供试小麦品种为中麦578,试验设置CK、叶面单次喷施(T12.7 kg?hm-2、T25.4 kg?hm-2)和两次喷施(T32.7 kg?hm-2+2.7 kg?hm-2、T45.4 kg?hm...

Effects of selenium|rich nutrient fertilizer on grains selenium content and yield of wheat in Guanzhong irrigation area

The purpose of this study was to explore the agronomic technology suitable for the production of selenium|rich wheat in Guanzhong irrigated area to provide technical support for the extension of the industrial chain of strong gluten wheat of Zhongmai 578. The experiment was carried out in four representative locations in Guanzhong irrigation area: Sanyuan, Xingping, Wugong and Linwei. The wheat variety Zhongmai 578 was selected in the experiment. Five treatments of leaf spraying with selenium|rich nutrient were set including CK, T1 (2.7 kg·hm^-2), T2 (5.4 kg·hm^-2), T3 (2.7 kg·hm^-2+ 2.7 kg·hm^-2) and T4 (5.4 kg·hm^{- 2}+ 2.7 kg·hm^-2). With the increase of selenium|rich nutrient dosage, under the single application of 2.7 kg·hm^-2 and 5.4 kg·hm^-2, the grains selenium content of wheat was increased by 376.83% and 604.62%, respectively. Adding 2.7 kg·hm^-2 for the second spraying treatment on the basis of two single spraying treatments further increased the grain selenium content by 193.93% and 114.66%, respectively. The yield, 1000-grain weight, grain number per ear, spikelet number and infertility spikelet were increased by 3.14%~4.60%, 1.01%~1.26%, 0.69%~2.27%, 0.66%~2.61% and 2.00%~4.70% with selenium|rich nutrient spraying. Compared with 2.7 kg·hm^-2, the wet gluten content and stabilization time of secondary processing quality of wheat treated with 5.4 kg·hm^-2 selenium|rich nutrients increased by 3.49% and 8.25%, respectively. There were no significant differences in grain hardness, protein content and sedimentation of primary processing quality under different treatments. The wet gluten and stabilization time of T2 with the same total amount of selenium enriched nutrients were increased by 2.20% and 4.73% respectively compared with T3. The amount and a number of times of leaf selenium|rich nutrient spraying affected the grain Se content, yield and quality of wheat. At the same time, the selenium content and fertility of local soil also affected the grain selenium enrichment capability after foliar spraying selenium|rich nutrient. In summary, the relatively high selenium soil in Guanzhong irrigation area is recommended to use a single and high dosage of selenium|rich nutrient spraying on the leaf to improve the grain selenium content, while the selenium deficient area with low dosages and multiple times of selenium|rich nutrient spraying can be an economical way to improve the content of grain selenium, wheat yield and quality of Zhongmai 578 wheat.