广西南友高速公路路域外来人侵植物调查研究

在调查广西南（宁）-友（谊关）高速公路绿化植物现状的基础上，对路域范围内现分布的外来入侵植物进行初步的调查与分析，结果表明：南友高速公路路域现有外来入侵植物46种，隶属18科36属，分别占广西、中国外来人侵植物种数的40．4％和12．1％；入侵植物以菊科的种类最多，有10种；入侵植物以原产于热带美洲的种类最多，达23种；入侵植物檀株性状以草本最多，有30种；入侵植物危害“很严重”的有飞机草（Eupatorium odoratum）1种，危害“严重”的有胜红蓟（Ageratum conyzoides）、三叶鬼针草（Bidens pilosa）、白花鬼针草（Bidens pilosavo．r．radiata）、银胶菊（Parthenium hysterophorus）、南美蟛蜞菊（Wedelia trilobata）、五爪金龙（Ipomoea cairica）等6种；通过“自然传人”途径入侵的外来植物29种，危害严重的植物主要通过此途径入侵，但“有意栽培”的南美蟛蜞菊（Parthenium hysterophorus）也已造成“严重”危害。

Investigation and Study on the Alien Invasive Plants along Nan-You Expressway of Guangxi

Based on the investigation about the present situation of the cultivated plants along Nan-You expressway, the alien invasive plants were investigated and analyzed. The results showed that there were 46 species of alien invasive plants belonging to 36 genera and 18 families along Nan-You expressway, accounting for 40.4 % and 12.1%, respectively in Guangxi province and China. The largest family was Compositae which involved 10 species and most of the plants （23 species ） came from Trop- ical America. There were 30 species of herb amounting for the largest plant traits. Among them , Eu- patorium odoratum caused very serious negative consequences, 6 species （Ageratum conyzoides, Bidens pilosa , Bidens pilosa var. radiata , Parthenium hysterophorus , Wedelia trilobata and Ipomoea cairica ） resulted in significantly negative effects. There were 29 plants which intruded by natural propagation which was the major way to propagate. However, the Parthenium hysterophorus which was intentional cultivated was also bringing serious harm.