韭菜迟眼蕈蚊成虫对挥发性物质的嗅觉反应及不同杀虫剂的毒力比较

利用"Y" 形嗅觉测定仪,测定了韭菜迟眼蕈蚊成虫对4种挥发性物质的嗅觉反应;以药膜法和药液定量滴加法测定了几种药剂对成虫和4龄幼虫的毒力。结果表明:新鲜韭菜植株、大蒜乙醇提取物、大蒜素及多硫化钙对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊成虫均有明显的引诱作用,在最佳味源浓度条件下,选择系数分别为0.77、0.78、0.46和0.36。8种药剂对成虫的击倒毒力,以顺式氯氰菊酯最强,KT50为7.9382 min;丁硫克百威和辛硫磷次之,KT50分别为14.285 min和20.465 min;氟啶脲对成虫的击倒毒力最低,KT50仅为94.210 min。6种药剂对4龄幼虫的毒力,以毒死蜱最高,氟啶脲和辛硫磷次之,二嗪磷最低。针对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊成虫和幼虫的活动习性以及不同药剂的杀虫特点,提出了地上地下相结合的防治方法;并根据外源挥发性物质对成虫的引诱效应,探索了实行定向防治的可能性。

The Olfactory Response of Adults to Volatiles and Compare of Toxicity of Different Insecticides to the Adults and Larvae of Bradysia odoriphaga

The olfactory response of the adults of Bradysia odoriphaga to 4 kinds of volatile was mensurated by using "Y" form glass tube apparatus, and the LC 50 values of insecticides to the adults and 4th instar larvae of the pest were tested as well. The results demonstrated that the fresh chives Alliun tuberosum , garlicin, alcohol extract of garlic, and calcium polysulfide were all rather good temptations to the adults. Under the condition of the most suitable concentration of these volatiles, the selective coefficient of the 4 materials was 0.77, 0.78, 0.46 and 0.36 respectively. Among 8 kinds of insecticides, alpha cypermethrin possessed the highest knockdown toxicity to the adults, and the KT 50 was 7.9382 min. After then, KT 50 of carbosulfan and phoxim was 14.285 min and 20.465 min respectively. The knockdown toxicity of chlorfluazuron was the lowest, and the KT 50 was only 94.210 min. Among 6 kinds of insecticides, the toxicity of chlorpyrifos to the 4th instar larvae was the highest, then were the toxicity of chlorfluazuron and phoxim, and that of diazinon was the lowest. According to the habit of both adults and larvae as well as the work characteristics of the different insecticides, the control method combining aboveground with underground treatments was put forward. The possibility of directional controlling the adults was explored based on the attractive effect of exogenous volatiles to the adults.