油茶内生真菌多样性与抑菌性研究

为弄清油茶内生真菌的种类、分布特点及应用潜能,采集湖北省5个地区不同季节的油茶样品,分离其内生真菌并进行多样性分析和抑菌性分析。结果表明,共分离得到内生真菌1 612株,经形态学鉴定可归于24属,未产孢的菌株暂归为无孢菌群(66株)。青霉属(Pencillium)、链格孢属(Alternaria)、刺盘孢属(Colletotrichum)为优势类群,分别占总菌株数的21.09%、19.11%、14.70%。多样性分析结果显示,对于不同地区而言,黄冈地区油茶内生真菌的Shannon-Wiener指数(H')最高,为2.44;就不同组织部位来看,茎中内生真菌的Shannon-Wiener指数(H')最高,为2.52;就不同季节而言,秋季油茶内生真菌的Shannon-Wiener指数(H')最高,为2.58。总体而言,油茶中内生真菌的菌群较为稳定,地区间及组织部位间样品内生真菌组成有一定的相似性。抑菌性结果显示,在挑选的24株内生真菌中,有17株内生真菌的发酵提取物具有抑菌活性,其中3株表现出较好的抑菌效果,分别属于青霉属、链格孢属、叶点霉属(Phyllosticta),这说明油茶内生真菌的抑菌性较强,值得进一步研究。

Diversity,Antimicrobial Activity of Endophytic Fungi from Camellia oleifera

To understand the classification,distribution feature and applied potential of endophytic fungi from C.oleifera,we collected samples from five plantingregions in Hubei province in different seasons.Endophytic fungi were separated from these C.oleifera for the diversity and antimicrobial activity analysis.In this study,1 612 stains of ebdophytic fungi were isolated,which were categorized into 24 genera by morphological analysis.Sixty-six strains with no reproductive features were classified as sterile mycelia.The dominant groups were Pencillium,Alternaria and Colletotrichum,accounting for 21.09％,19.11％and 14.70％ of isolated strains respectively.Diversity analysis of isolated strains in different regions indicates that endophytic fungi from Huanggang showed highest Shannon-wiener diversity index (2.44);the highest indexes were in stem(2.52) and in autumn(2.58) in different tissues and different seasons respectively.In general,the populations of endophytic fungi from C.oleifera were stable,the composition of endophytic fungi in the samples from different regions or different tissues was similar.Antimicrobial assay indicated that fermented extract in 17 of 24 chosen strains had antimicrobial activity,3 strains exhibited greater activity than the others,which belonged to Pencillium,Alternaria and Phyllosticta,respectively.Our results demonstrated that endophytic fungi from C.oleifera had great antimicrobial activity,and were worth further studying.