大豆对胞囊线虫4号生理小种的抗性遗传分析

大豆胞囊线虫病（Soybean cyst nematode）严重危害我国大豆生产。我国大豆胞囊线虫有8个生理小种,其中,4号生理小种致病力最强,主要分布在黄淮海大豆产区。了解抗源的遗传模式有助于抗病基因的定位和分子标记的开发。以对大豆胞囊线虫4号生理小种高抗抗源CBL黑豆为父本、高感材料品75-14为母本,构建了F₁、F₂和F_2∶3 3个世代群体,利用植物数量性状主基因+多基因混合遗传模型的联合分离分析方法,分析CBL黑豆抗大豆胞囊线虫4号生理小种的遗传效应。结果表明：CBL黑豆对胞囊线虫4号生理小种的抗性受2对加性-显性-上位性主基因和加性-显性-上位性多基因控制,F₂世代主基因遗传率为64.47%,F_2∶3世代主基因遗传率为75.99%。主基因遗传率较高,育种可以在早代选择。

Inheritance of Resistance to Race 4 of Cyst Nematode in Soybean

Soybean cyst nematode (SCN) is a destructive pest in soybean production worldwide and causes great yield loss every year. There are 14 SCN races worldwide, among which 8 races are in china. Race 4 of SCN (SCN4), which is the predominant race in Huang-Huai-hai soybean production area, has the most virulence. A soybean cultivar-CBL, which was isolated from Chibuliuheidou with high resistance to SCN, but its growth period was shorter than Chibuliuheidou. In this paper, genetic model of CBL was studied, which will help for cloning of resistant gene and resistant marker exploitation. Three generations (F₁, F₂, F_2:3 ) were generated from the crosses between CBL and pin 75-14, which was a high susceptible to SCN4. Genetic model was analyzed by the method of mixed major gene plus polygene genetic model. The resistant inheritance to SCN4 was controlled by two additive-dominance-espistatic major genes and additive-dominance-espistatic polygenes. The F₂ and F_2:3 heritabilities of major genes were estimated to be 64.47% and 75.99%, respectively. So resistance plants can be selected in early filial generation.