美国薄壳山核桃果实发育研究

1995～ 1998年 ,在云南省林业科学院漾濞研究站从浙江引种的美国山核桃林内 ,对金华 1号、绍兴 1号、山站 2号、长林 13号 4个品种的果实发育进行了观测和解剖研究。结果表明 ,这 4个品种都具有明显的缓慢生长期、迅速膨大期、硬核期、果仁生长期 4个发育期 ;果实的体积和重量生长速率有 3～ 4次高峰 ,并与各发育期吻合 ;胚在硬核期出现 ,经历 18～ 19天基本定型 ,胚出现果实到采收需经历 5 2～ 5 9天 ,研究为正确制定丰产栽培措施提供了理论依据。通过对气温和降雨量的分析认为 ,美国山核桃为喜热树种 ,漾濞引种的美国山核桃发叶开花时间比浙江早 10天左右 ,果实进入迅速膨大期反而迟 10～ 15天。

Study of Fruit Development of Carya illinoensis

From year 1995 to 1998, the fruit development of 4 varieties of Carya illinoensis, named Jinhua No 1, Shaoxing No 1, Shanzhan No 2 and Changlin No 13, introduced from Zhejiang province to Yangbi Walnut Research Station of Yunnan Academy of Forestry, were studied The fruit growth of the 4 introduced varieties went through four phases, namely slow growth, enlargement, hardening of the core, growth of nutlet The occurrence of three to four growth peaks matched with the fruit development phases Embryo emerged in the hardening core phase, finalized the shape at the 18th to 19th day from emerging time The fruits could be harvested 52 to 59 days after the embryo emerged The study provided a theoretical fundamental for formulating the high yield cultivation measures Carya illinoensis was thermophilous tree species, the flowering time of Carya illinoensis cultivated in Yangbi was 10 days earlier than that of Zhejiang, while the enlargement phase fruit was 10 to 15 days late compared with Zhejiang