减量施肥对包菜产量、品质和土壤养分平衡的影响

通过氨基酸和胶质芽孢杆菌的应用研究化肥减量对包菜产量、品质、氮肥偏生产力和土壤养分平衡的影响。研究结果表明：与施用固体肥(GTF)相比,施用液体肥(YTF)产量相对增加15.9%；而与YTF处理相比,增施氨基酸(AYTF)、氨基酸及胶质芽孢杆菌联用(AYTFM)包菜产量分别显著增产6.6%和10.3%,减氮20%的AYTFJ和AYTFMJ处理较YTF处理增产3.9%和7.1%。硝酸盐含量以GTF处理最高,施用液体肥的处理硝酸盐含量显著下降,而减氮20%条件下配施氨基酸的AYTFJ处理硝酸盐含量最低；配施氨基酸及胶质芽孢杆菌均能够提高包菜可溶性糖和维生素C含量,其中可溶性糖以AYTFM处理最高,较YTF处理显著增加13.9%,维生素C以AYTFMJ处理最高,较YTF处理显著增加7.6%。配施氨基酸和胶质芽孢杆菌均能显著提高氮肥偏生产力,而减氮20%处理最高。配施氨基酸及胶质芽孢杆菌提高了养分累积,降低土壤养分盈余。氨基酸、胶质芽孢杆菌具有明显的减肥增效作用。

Cabbage Yield,Quality and Soil Nutrient Balance Under Reduced Fertilizer Rate

This study aims to investigate the effects of fertilizer reduction with applying amino acid and Bacillus mucilaginosus on yield, quality, partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer of cabbage and soil nutrient balance. The results showed that the cabbage yield of fluid fertilizer(YTF) increased by 15.9% compared with that of solid fertilizer (GTF), while the yield of amino acid fluid fertilizer (AYTF) and amino acid fluid fertilizer containing B. mucilaginosus (AYTFM) increased by 6.6% and 10.3% respectively compared with that of YTF. However, under nitrogen reduction of 20%, the yield of AYTFJ and AYTFMJ increased by 3.9% and 7.1% compared with that of YTF. The nitrate content was the highest in GTF treatment and significantly decreased in fluid fertilizer treatments, and the AYTFJ treatment had the lowest value under 20% nitrogen reduction. Amino acids and B. mucilaginosus could increase soluble sugar and vitamin C content in cabbage, and AYTFM treatment had the highest soluble sugar content and significantly increased by 13.9% compare with that of YTF. Vitamin C content was the highest in AYTFMJ treatment and significantly increased by 7.6% compared with that of YTF. Amino acid and B. mucilaginosus could significantly increase the partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer, especially in nitrogen fertilizer reduction treatments. Application of amino acids and B. mucilaginosus could increase nutrient accumulation and reduce soil nutrient surplus. Amino acid and B. mucilaginosus have obvious effect on saving fertilizer and enhancing efficiency.