不同生物质炭对玉米种子萌发及幼苗根系形态特征的影响

为探讨生物质炭对玉米种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响,以美玉(加甜糯)8号为试验材料,在光照培养条件下利用对照、500°C制取的竹叶生物质炭、烟秆生物质炭和小麦秸秆生物质炭进行萌发培养试验,分别对玉米种子发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数,以及幼苗根系形态等指标进行测定。结果表明：生物质炭对玉米种子萌发无显著影响,而不同生物质炭对玉米幼苗根系发育具有显著抑制作用；竹叶、烟秆和小麦秸秆生物质炭对玉米根长抑制率分别为14.4%、59.7%和37.3%。本试验可初步得出结论：在生物质炭条件下,玉米种子萌发的敏感性比幼苗根系伸长小；而根系抑制率可作为生物质炭对植物毒性评估的一种良好的测试方法。

Biochar Affects Seed Germination and Root Morphological Characteristics of Maize

In order to define the effects of biochar on the seed germination and seedling growth, maize was used as experimental material for germination culture experiment. The seeds were cultured in light culture under the control, bamboo leaf biochar, tobacco stalk biochar and wheat straw biochar treatment. The germination potential, germination rate, germination index, and root morphology of the seedlings were measured respectively. Results showed that biochar had no significant effect on maize seed germination, but had significant inhibitory effect on the root development of maize seedlings. The inhibition rates of bamboo leaf, tobacco stalk and wheat straw biochar to maize root length were 14.4%, 59.7% and 37.3% respectively. This experiment can be initially concluded that: under the conditions of biochar, the sensitivity of maize seed germination is less than the root elongation of seedlings; and the root inhibition rate can be used as a good test method for the assessment of phytotoxicity of biochar.