高效防治烟粉虱的药剂筛选

选取5种新型或混配药剂〔20%辣根素水乳剂(EW)、99%矿物油乳油(EC)、22.4%螺虫乙酯悬浮剂(SC)+20%烯啶虫胺水分散粒剂(WG)、240g·L-1螺螨酯SC+20%烯啶虫胺WG、烟粉虱1号〕在彩椒上进行田间药效试验和药害试验,对药剂的速效性、持效性及安全性进行评价。结果显示:5种药剂在推荐剂量下施用均未发生药害,其中混配药剂22.4%螺虫乙酯SC+20%烯啶虫胺WG对烟粉虱有很好的速效性和持效性,药后3d防效为65.6%,药后20d防效为84.5%,与对照20%烯啶虫胺WG相比持效性显著,可以作为防治烟粉虱的优选药剂;99%矿物油EC药后3d对烟粉虱的防效为53.0%,在有机和绿色农业生产中应用潜力很大;20%辣根素EW对烟粉虱有很好的速效性,药后3d防效达到70.9%,但是持效性不好,可在烟粉虱大量发生时使用该药剂进行快速处理,再结合其他持效期长的药剂进行防治;从防治效果、成本和易操作性等因素考虑,烟粉虱1号和混配药剂240g·L-1螺螨酯SC+20%烯啶虫胺WG不适合用于生产中防治烟粉虱。

Screening Effective Pesticides to ControlBemisia tabaci

5 kinds of new or mixed pesticides〔20% allyl isothiocyanate EW（AITC），99% petroleum oil EC，mixture of 22.4% spirotetramat SC and 20% nitenpyram WG，mixture of 240 g·L^-1 spirodiclofen SC and 20% nitenpyram WG，Bemisia tabaci No.1〕were applied in fields to carry out pesticide effect and phytotoxicity experiments，and to evaluate the fast-acting property，durable effect and security of pesticides control effect．The results indicated that all these 5 pesticides had no injury at the recommended dose．The mixture of 22.4% spirotetramat SC and 20% nitenpyram WG showed better effect on controlling Bemisia tabaci，its durable effect was obvious compared with the contrast 20% nitenpyram，the control efficacy reached 65.6% 3 days after
spraying，then to 84.5% 20 days after spraying．This mixed pesticide could be used to control Bemisia tabaci．3 days after taking 99% petroleum oil EC，the control efficacy on Bemisia tabaci reached 53.0%，so it possessed a great potential in controlling Bemisia tabaci in organic and green agriculture production．20% AITC had fast acting effect on Bemisia tabaci，its control efficacy could reach 70.9% 3ays after spraying，but its durable effect was not ideal．Therefore，when Bemisia tabaci was prevailing，AITC should be rapidly applied and combined with other pesticides，which had long-lasting effect to control Bemisia tabaci ．While Bemisia tabaci No.1 and the mixture of 240 g·L^-1 spirodiclofen SC and 20% nitenpyram WG were not suitable for controlling Bemisia tabaci considering a prevention effect，cost and ease of operation and other factors．