木材泡沫铝层叠结构材在瞬态加载时的动力学特性

以木材、泡沫铝板为材料,经层叠制作2种型号(T5T10T5和T10T15T10)木材泡沫铝层叠结构靶板;利用一级轻气炮发射卵形头和平头杆弹对靶板进行瞬态加载试验;利用高速摄像机获取杆弹初始速度和侵彻图像,得到2种杆弹初始速度-剩余速度关系曲线及弹道极限速度,分析靶板抗侵彻性能和失效模式。结果表明:随着杆弹初始速度的逐渐增高,靶板对2种杆弹的抗侵彻性不同;卵形头杆弹的极限速度均高于平头杆弹,说明靶板对卵形头杆弹的抗侵彻性强于平头杆弹;随着初始速度增大,相同初始速度时卵形头杆弹的剩余速度大于平头杆弹,此时靶板对平头杆弹的抗侵彻性强于卵形头杆弹。2种杆弹贯穿靶板后,靶板变形和损伤模式相似,均为正面穿孔、背面脱落、孔口直径与杆弹直径接近;靶板背面中心处形成一定挠度,孔口边缘处挠度最大;当杆弹初始速度超过弹道极限速度,初始速度越大,整体变形越小,靶板越接近局部破坏。同时,两者存在区别,卵形头杆弹贯穿靶板,是因为瞬态加载使靶板失效变形;而平头杆弹贯穿靶板,是由于剪切使靶板损伤变形。

Dynamic Characteristics of Wood Foam Aluminum Aminated Structures under Transient Load

Wood and foamed aluminum plates are used to make two types of laminated structures(T5T10T5 and T10T15T10).To test the dynamic characteristics of wood foam aluminum laminated structure under the transient load,the one-stage light-gas gun has been used.Through shooting flat head or oval head rod projectiles to add the transient load to wood foam aluminum laminated structure,we have got the relation curve of residual velocity and the initial velocity for flat head and oval head rod projectile by using high-speed cameras to test speed and penetration images of them.As the initial speed of projectiles increases,the anti-penetration performance of the wood foam aluminum laminated structure becomes better;the ultimate speed of the oval head rod projectile is higher than the flat head one,this means that the laminated structure more resist the effect of penetrating of the former.Both type of laminated structures had proximate deformation and damage patterns,which were perforated on the front,peeled off on the back,and formed holes with similar diameter of the projectile;the center of the back of the laminated structure had a certain deflection which had a maximum number at the edge;if the initial speed of the projectile exceeds the ballistic limit speed,the larger the initial speed,the smaller the overall deformation,and the closer the laminated structure is to local failure.At the same time,the oval head rod projectile penetrates the laminated structure because of the transient loading while the flat head one because of the shear damages.