三种间作模式对棉花产量和品质及棉田效益的影响比较

为探讨适宜长江流域棉区棉田间作栽培的模式,以增加棉花产量、改善纤维品质和获得更高的经济效益。比较了棉花间作大豆、棉花间作玉米和棉花间作甘薯三种模式的经济效益、棉花产量、纤维品质、干物质积累及叶面积指数的变化特点。结果表明:三种间作模式较单作棉花可增加纯收入,棉花产量和干物质积累量及单位面积成铃数均增加;马克隆值变优和断裂比强度提高;在棉花盛蕾期棉花叶面积指数三种模式均比对照提高,在棉花盛铃期及以后的棉花叶面积指数因模式不同而有差别。棉花间作甘薯和棉花间作大豆模式的籽棉产量较高、经济效益好,纤维品质较优,其生产优势较为明显,适宜在长江流域棉区推广。

Comparison of the Effects of Three Intercropping Patterns on Cotton Yield and Quality and Cotton Benefits

In order to explore the suitable tillage method of cotton in the Yangtze River basin,and then increase the yield and improve the quality of cotton to obtain higher economic benefits.The economic benefits,the yield,fiber quality,dry matter distribution and leaf area index of cotton under cotton intercropping soybean,cotton intercropping corn and cotton intercropping sweet potato were compared.The results showed that the three intercropping patterns could increase net income compared to cotton monoculture,the yield and dry matter accumulation of cotton and boll number per unit area were increased,the enhancement of micronaire and the increase of specific strength;the cotton leaf area index in cotton flourishing budding period were higher than those in cotton monoculture,and was different in flourishing bolling period and later.Cotton intercropping sweet potato and cotton intercropping soybean patters had higher seed cotton yield,better economic benefit,better fiber quality and obvious production advantage,which were suitable for popularization in cotton area of Yangtze River Basin.