3种三唑类杀菌剂对映体对镰刀菌的选择性活性

【目的】研究3种三唑类杀菌剂对映体对3种镰刀菌Fusarium spp.的杀菌活性。【方法】采用生长速率法,测定戊唑醇、腈菌唑和苯醚甲环唑各对映体对串珠镰刀菌F.moniliforme、再育镰刀菌F.proliferatum和禾谷镰刀菌F.graminearum的杀菌活性,并分析各对映体EC50值。【结果】3种三唑类手性杀菌剂对映体对供试串珠镰刀菌、再育镰刀菌和禾谷镰刀菌菌株的杀菌活性存在差异,(-)-戊唑醇(+)-戊唑醇,二者杀菌活性相差32~208倍;(+)-腈菌唑(-)-腈菌唑,二者杀菌活性相差1.4~6.4倍;在苯醚甲环唑对映体之间,(2R,4R)-苯醚甲环唑活性最高,4个对映体之间的杀菌活性相差3.7~15.5倍。【结论】3种三唑类手性杀菌剂对映体对串珠镰刀菌、再育镰刀菌和禾谷镰刀菌的杀菌活性均表现出选择性差异,(-)-戊唑醇、(+)-腈菌唑和(2R,4R)-苯醚甲环唑表现出较高的杀菌活性。本研究结果可为筛选活性高的杀菌剂、减少农药使用提供理论参考。

Selective bioactivity of enantiomers of three triazole fungicides against Fusarium spp.

Objective] To study the activities of enantiomers of three triazole fungicides against Fusarium spp..Method] Three chiral fungicides included tebuconazole, myclobutanil and difenoconazole. The activities of fungicide enantiomers against F. moniliforme, F. proliferatum and F. graminearum were assessed by mycelial growth rate method, respectively. The EC₅₀ values of enantiomers were analyzed.Result] SThe activities of different enantiomers against three kinds of Fusarium spp. were different. The activity of (–)-tebuconazole was higher than (+)-tebuconazole, and the EC₅₀ difference of two enantiomers was 32–208 times. The inhibitory activity of (+)-myclobutanil was higher than (–)-myclobutanil, and the EC₅₀ difference of two enantiomers was 1.4–6.4 times. (2R,4R)-difenoconazole showed the maximum activity among four enantiomers of difenoconazole, and the EC₅₀ difference of four enantiomers was 3.7–15.5 times.Conclusion] For Fusarium spp., the activities of three fungicides show selective difference. (–)-tebuconazole, (+)-myclobutanil and (2R,4R)-difenoconazole show higher activities. These results might contribute to screening higher active fungicides and reducing the use of pesticides.