全二维气相色谱-飞行时间质谱分析紫藤种子提取物及其杀蚜活性研究

【目的】通过对紫藤Wisteria sinensis种子提取物的化学成分分析及杀蚜活性测定和抗氧化活性评价,为紫藤种子资源在植物源农药领域的利用提供基础。【方法】以紫藤种子提取物为材料,采用全二维气相色谱-飞行时间质谱(GC×GC-TOF/MS)技术进行成分分析,以微量点滴法开展对棉蚜Aphis gossypii的触杀毒力测定,用2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼(DPPH)自由基清除法进行抗氧化活性评价。【结果】从紫藤种子石油醚提取物中检测到61种化合物,主要包括酯类、烷烃类、芳香烃类等化合物,其中相对含量大于9%的化合物有:对二甲苯(14.33%)、十一烷(11.89%)、1,4-二乙基苯(11.02%)和癸烷(9.54%)。紫藤种子提取物对棉蚜的致死中质量浓度(LC50)为193.22mg·L~(-1)(处理后24 h)。同时,紫藤种子提取物具有抗氧化活性,对DPPH的抑制中质量浓度(IC50)为4.15 g·L~(-1)。【结论】紫藤种子提取物具有较强的杀蚜活性,有望作为植物源杀蚜剂用于棉蚜的防治。

GC×GC-TOF/MS analysis of the seed extract of Wisteria sinensis and the insecticidal activity

Objective] To analyze the chemical composition, insecticidal and antioxidant activities of the seed extract of Wisteria sinensis, and provide a basis for developing botanical pesticide from W. sinensis germplasm resources.Method] The seed extract of W. sinensis was analyzed by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOF/MS). The toxicity against Aphis gossypii was determined by topical application bioassay. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method.Result] SA total of 61 components were identified from the seed extract of W. sinensis, mainly including esters, alkane, arene, etc. The constituents with higher than 9% relative content were p-xylene (14.33%), undecane (11.89%), 1,4-diethyl-benzene (11.02%) and decane (9.54%). The seed extract of W. sinensis showed insecticidal activity against A. gossypii with the LC₅₀ value of 193.22 mg·L^–1 after 24 h treatment, and also showed antioxidant activity with the IC₅₀ value of 4.15 g·L^–1 against DPPH.Conclusion] The seed extract of W. sinensis has strong insecticidal activity, and has the potential to be developed into a natural insecticide for controlling A. gossypii.