温度对短额负蝗生长发育及种群趋势的影响

为明确温度对短额负蝗Atractomorpha sinensis（I.Bolivar）种群生长发育、生殖力及种群趋势的影响。本试 验设置16℃、20℃、24℃、28℃和32℃等5个恒温梯度，在实验室条件下（H:D = 16:8，RH 70%±5%），以大豆叶片为食 物饲养，系统观测短额负蝗实验种群各虫态发育历期、发育速率及繁殖等情况，测算其发育起点温度和有效积温， 并利用生命表技术分析各温度条件下的种群趋势。结果表明，短额负蝗各虫态的发育历期均随温度的升高而缩 短，其发育速率与温度呈显著正相关。短额负蝗卵、若虫和成虫的发育起点温度分别为9.58℃、10.55℃、11.40℃，有 效积温依次为449.80、540.03、430.94日·度。在试验条件下，短额负蝗单雌产卵量28℃时最高，为66.12粒，24℃时次 之，为 60.30粒，16℃时最低，为 28粒；各试验温度条件下实验种群趋势指数均>1，其中 24℃时最大，为 18.97。该结 果为短额负蝗的田间预测及综合防控提供了科学依据。 

Effects of temperature on growth and population trend of Atractomorpha sinensis(I.Bolivar)

To ascertain the influence of temperature on development,fecundity and population of Atractomor pha sinensis(I.Bolivar)in field,duration of different developmental stages of the insect were compared in laboratory under constant temperature of 16℃,20℃,24℃,28℃and 32℃,with photoperiod of 16L:8D at RH 70%.With soy bean leaves as food,duration,developmental rate of each life stage and reproduction were systematically observed.Developmental threshold temperature and effective accumulated temperature were further calculated.Population trends under different experimental temperatures were also analyzed by life table technology.Results showed that developmental period of each stage of A.sinensis were decreased from 16 to 32℃,and a significant positive correla tion between developmental rate and temperature was confirmed by fitting equation.Developmental threshold tem peratures of egg,nymph and adult were 9.58,10.55 and 11.40℃respectively.Effective accumulated temperature were 449.80,540.03 and 430.94 degree-days respectively.Insect fecundity was the highest at 28℃,with average 66.12 eggs laid per female,followed by 60.30 eggs laid per female at 24℃and the lowest was 28 eggs at 16℃.Ex perimental population trend index was less than 1 under each test temperature,and the maximum was at 24℃,which was 18.97.These results were expected to provide a scientific basis for field prediction and integrated man agement of A.sinensis(I.Bolivar).