采用Mini-Flotac和PCR方法检测圈养野生动物肠道寄生虫

为调查福建地区圈养野生动物肠道寄生虫感染情况,本研究采集福州动物园和龙岩梅花山华南虎繁育研究所动物粪便样品共70份(包含28种动物种类),采用Mini-Flotac检测方法对粪便样品进行饱和盐水漂浮法检测,同时采用基于SSU rRNA序列的PCR扩增方法对粪便样品进行芽囊原虫检测,并对获得的阳性分离株进行基因亚型分析。Mini-Flotac检测结果显示,70份样品中寄生虫阳性粪便为42份,总感染率为60.00%,感染强度(EPG或OPG值)范围为100~34 800。PCR扩增结果显示,70份样品中共检测到芽囊原虫阳性分离株10个,感染率为14.3%(10/70),阳性样品分别为猕猴、赤猴、孔雀粪便样品各1份以及梅花鹿源样品7份;进一步的基因亚型分析结果显示,扩增的10份芽囊原虫阳性样品来源于5个基因亚型,分别为ST1(1)、ST3(1)、ST6(1)、ST10(6)及ST14(1),其中ST1、ST3和ST6为人兽共患亚型,ST10和ST14为动物特异性亚型,且ST10在梅花鹿中感染普遍。研究结果提示福建圈养野生动物肠道寄生虫的感染情况较严重,且存在人兽共患基因亚型芽囊原虫风险。研究结果为福建野生动物肠道寄生虫病的防治提供了参考依据。

A survey of gastrointestinal parasites in zoo animals by Mini-Flotac and PCR from Fujian,China

In order to investigate the intestinal parasite infection of captive wild animals in Fujian, a total of 70 fecal samples were collected from 28 animal species from Fuzhou Zoo and Longyan Meihua Mountain South China Tiger Breeding Institute. The Mini-Flotac method was used to detect fecal samples. The samples were tested by performed with saturated saline flotating method,while the SSU rRNA sequence-based PCR was used to detect the Blastocystis sp in the fecal samples, and the subtypes of the obtained positive isolates were analyzed. Mini-Flotac test results showed that 42 of the 70 samples were parasite-positive, the total infection rate was 60.00%, and the intensity of infection(EPG or OPG value) ranged from 100 to 34800. The PCR amplification results showed that 10 Blastocystis sp positive isolates were detected in 70 samples, with an infection rate of 14.3%(10/70). The 3 positive samples were from macaque, red monkey, peacock each, and the rest are from sika deer. The evolutionary relationship analysis based on SSU rRNA gene indicates that there are 5 gene subtypes of Blastocystis sp. including ST1(1), ST3(1), ST6(1), ST10(6) and ST14(1).ST1, ST3 and ST6 are zoonotic sub-types, and ST10 and ST14 are animal specific sub-types. Among them, all ST10 were from 6 sika deer sources, which suggested ST10 is an advantageous sub-type in artiodactyla animals. The results suggested that the infection rate of intestinal parasites in wild animals in Fujian is serious. It is necessary to formulate comprehensive measures to prevent and control the infection of parasites in wild animals. The research provides a reference for Fujian’s wildlife control and public health safety.