基于SSR标记分析山西地方花生种质遗传多样性

用90对多态性SSR引物评价了山西省不同地理来源的72份花生地方种质资源的遗传多样性，结果表明，90对多态性引物共扩增出317个等位基因，平均每对引物3.5222个；基因多样性指数变化幅度0.1823~0.7711，平均0.4537；多态信息含量指数变异范围0.3283~0.7378，平均0.4047；Shannon's信息指数变异范围0.1657~1.6734，平均0.8092。聚类分析结果表明，72份种质资源可分为三大类群，类群Ⅰ 以多粒型为主，类群Ⅱ 以普通型为主， 类群Ⅲ 以珍珠豆型为主，聚类结果与花生的植物学分类基本一致。进一步对不同类型种质差异进行分析，结果表明，珍珠豆型的遗传多样性最为丰富，其次是多粒型，普通型最小。该结果从分子水平上揭示了山西省花生地方种质资源的遗传多样性，为花生优异种质发掘及资源高效利用提供理论基础。

Genetic diversity of peanut local germplasm resources in Shanxi Province based on SSR markers

The genetic diversity of 72 peanut germplasm resources from different geographical sources in Shanxi Province was evaluated by 90 pairs of polymorphic SSR primers. The results showed that a total of 317 al? leles were amplified with an average of 3.5222. The variation range of gene diversity index was 0.1823-0.7711, with an average of 0.4537. The polymorphic information content of each primer varied from 0.3283 to 0.7378, with an av? erage of 0.4047. Shannon's information index varied from 0.1657 to 1.6734, with an average of 0.8092. Cluster anal? ysis results showed that 72 materials could be divided into three major groups. Group Ⅰ was mainly Fastigiata type, Group Ⅱ was mainly Hypogaea type, and Group Ⅲ was mainly Vulgaris type. The cluster results were substan? tial consistent with the botanical classification of peanut. Further analysis of the genetic variation among different types of germplasm showed that Vulgaris type had the most abundant genetic diversity, followed by Fastigiata, and Hypogaea was the least. The results revealed the genetic diversity of peanut local germplasm resources in Shanxi Province at the molecular level, and provided a theoretical basis for the exploration of excellent peanut germplasm and the efficient utilization of resources.