金沙江峡谷退耕经济林地昆虫多样性分析

调查滇西北金沙江峡谷不同退耕经济林地和对照样地的昆虫组成,以喜地表活动的蚁科、植食性的蝗总科和捕食性瓢虫种类为对象,分析Margalef丰富度指数(R)、Shannon-W ie-ner多样性指数(H)和Pielou均匀度指数(J).结果显示:样地A昆虫共10目33科,样地B有6目26科,样地C为6目23科,样地D是7目26科.步甲科、瓢甲科、叶甲科、蝽科、长蝽科、土蝽科和斑腿蝗科等种类在较晚退耕的林地里常见.昆虫物种Margalef丰富度指数以2001年退耕木亡果林地最高,R=3.413 4;Shannon-W iener多样性指数则以2000年退耕还林的青梅林地为最大,H=2.090 1;Pielou均匀度指数值最高的是2001年退耕的撂荒坡地,J=0.999 6.从昆虫多样性来看,退耕还林有利于促进金沙江峡谷的生态恢复.

Analysis on Insect Diversity of Non-timber Production Plantations Converted from the Farmland in the Jinshajiang River Gorge

Taking insect species in families of Formicidae,Acridoidea and Coccinellidae that usually live on the ground surface as the major objects,the Margalef richness index(R),the Shannon-Wiener diversity index(H) and Pielou evenness index(J) were analyzed on insect diversity for the non-timber production plantations converted from the farmland or waste land in the Jinshajiang River Gorge area in northwest of Yunnan Province.It was showed by the results that there were 33 families belonging to 10 orders of insects found in plot A;26 families out of 6 orders in plot B;23 families of 6 orders in plot C;26 families of 7 orders in plot D.More insect species belonging to families of Carabidae,Coccinellidae,Chrysomelidae,Pentatomidae,Lygaeidae,Cydnidae and Catantopidae were found in the plantations freshly converted from the farmland.The highest Margalef index value was found in the mango stand planted in 2001(R=3.413 4).The highest Shannon-Wiener index(H=2.090 1) was found in the green plum stand grown in 2000.The biggest Pielou index(J=0.999 6) appeared in the stands converted from the deserted hillside land in 2001.According to the insect diversity,it was believed that undertaking the national project of "Converting the farmland to forest or grassland" was beneficial to the ecological restoration in the Jinshajiang River Gorge area.