采煤塌陷复垦初期土壤微生物及根际效应研究

土壤微生物及根际效应的研究能为采煤塌陷复垦区土壤质量的评价及复垦初期土壤植被生态恢复提供依据.对平原农业区采煤塌陷复垦1年和3年的根际土壤微生物和非根际土壤微生物的研究表明,无论根际还是非根际,复垦后1年和3年土壤微生物的数量均比对照少,细菌、真菌和放线菌分别占对照土壤的20.3％～66.5％、2.8％～56.3％和1.1％～45.1％％;但随着复垦年限的增加,根际和非根际土壤微生物变化趋势不同,即,复垦后非根际土壤微生物除放线菌数量显著增加外,细菌和真菌数量均没有显著差异变化,而根际土壤微生物数量均随复垦时间的增加而显著增加.因此,复垦1年和3年的土壤总微生物根际效应分别为1.7和3.3,均表现为正效应.这表明在采煤塌陷复垦初期种植适当的植物能有效地改善土壤质量.

Soil microorganism and rhizospheric effect in early stage of reclamation in core-mining subsidence area

Research on soil microorganisms and rhizospheric effect could provide theoretical bases for soil quality assessment and ecological remediation in early stage of reclaimed soil in core-mining subsidence area. In this study, rhizospheric microorganisms and non-rhizospheric microorganisms after 1 year and 3 years of reclamation of core-mining subsidence in plain agriculture area were studied. The results showed that quantity of rhizospheric microorganisms and non -rhizospheric microorganisms after 1 year and 3 years of reclaimed soil was less than the control. Therefore, the percentage of bacteria, fungi and actinomyces to the control were 20.3%~66.5%,2.8%~56.3% and 1.1%~45.1%%, respectively. In addition to actinomyces, the increase of non-rhizospheric bacteria and fungi was not significant, while the number of rhizospheric bacteria, fungi and actinomyces increased significantly with the extension of reclamation time.Therefore, change trend with reclamation years was different between rhizospheric microorganisms and non-rhizospheric microorganisms.The above induced positive rhizospheric effect, with R/S values of total microorganisms being 1.7 and 3.3 after 1 year and 3 years of reclamation, respectively. The study indicated that scientific planting was beneficial for improvement of soil quality in early stage of reclamation in core-mining subsidence area.