农田氧化亚氮排放的主要影响因素及其作用机制

氧化亚氮(N2O)的环境效应显著,研究N2O的排放机理及影响因素对减少N2O排放和改善全球环境具有重大意义.农田生态系统的生物和非生物途径均可产生N2O,是N2O的重要排放源.由于受人为干扰频繁,农田土壤中N2O的产生和排放过程受到环境和农田管理措施等多种因素影响.介绍了土壤中N2O的产生机理,重点论述了肥料施用和土壤水热状况等关键性因素影响土壤N2O产生和排放的作用机制,以期为N2O的减排策略提供依据.

Main influence factors and mechanisms of N2Oemissions in agricultural soils

Due to the great environmental effects of the nitrous oxide gas (N2O), the study on the controlling factors and the mechanism of N2O emission has profound significance on reducing N2O emission and improving global environment. Agro-ecosystem is a significant source of N2O emission, both of its biotic and abiotic processes are involved in production of N2O. In agricultural soil, the production and emission of N2O are strongly affected by many factors because of the frequent artificial disturbance, such as environmental influence and agricultural management measures. In order to provide the basis for N2O emission reduction, this paper introduced the mechanism of N2O production in agricultural soil, and mainly discussed the influencing mechanisms of fertilizer application and soil moisture and temperature conditions on N2O production and emission in soil.