抗氧化系统参与水杨酸诱导烟草幼苗抗冷性提高的生化机制

烟草苗期冷害是影响烟草农业生产的一个重要问题，通过各种农艺措施来提高烟苗抗冷性有重要的实际意义。以2个烟草主栽品种‘云烟97’和‘K326’为材料，用浓度为0、0.5、1.0、1.5 mmol/L的水杨酸（SA）对其幼苗进行预处理后进行10℃的低温处理12 d。结果表明，与未处理的对照相比，SA预处理能显著降低‘云烟97’和‘K326’幼苗在低温胁迫过程中叶片的丙二醛（MDA）含量和电解质渗漏率，减缓干物质的消耗速度，增加叶绿素含量和增强根系活力，改善幼苗的根长、表面积、体积和根尖数，促进根系的生长，最终提高烟草幼苗的抗冷性。不同品种有不同的适宜的SA浓度，‘云烟97’的最适浓度为1.5 mmol/L，‘K326’的最适浓度为1.0 mmol/L;SA预处理后，与未预处理的对照相比，在进入低温处理前和低温处理期间，烟草幼苗抗氧化系统中的主要抗氧化剂还原型抗坏血酸（ASA）和谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量均保持在较高的水平，而氧化型ASA和GSH含量则保持在较低水平，还原型抗氧化剂在总抗氧化剂中的比例提高；主要的抗氧化酶抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、愈创木酚过氧化物酶（GP...

Involvement of Antioxidant System in Salicylic Acid Induced-Chilling Resistance and Biochemical Mechanism in Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) Seedlings

Chilling injury during tobacco seedling stage is an important problem affecting tobacco agricultural production, and enhancement of the chilling resistance by various agronomic measures has practical significance. In this study, using two main cultivars Yunyan97 and K326 as the experimental materials, the seedlings were pretreated with salicylic acid (SA) at concentrations 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mmol/L. Then the pretreated seedlings were transferred to 10℃ for 12 days for chilling treatment. Compared with the control without SA pretreatment, the SA pretreatment could significantly reduce the malondialdehyde (MDA) content and ratio of electrolyte leakage, slowed down the consumed rate of dry matter, increased chlorophyll content and root vigor, improve root length, surface area, volume and number of roots, promoted the growth of root system under the chilling stress, and finally enhanced the chilling resistance of ‘Yunyan 97’ and ‘K326’ seedlings. The optimum SA concentration of different tobacco varieties varied, that for ‘Yunyan 97’ and ‘K326’ was 1.5 mmol/L and 1.0 mmol/L respectively. After the SA pretreatment, the content of reduced ascorbic acid (ASA) and glutathione (GSH) in the antioxidant defense system in the seedlings remained a higher level, but oxidized ASA and GSH maintained a lower level, and ratio of the reduced antioxidants in total antioxidants increased. Ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) maintained high activities compared with the control before and during the chilling treatment. The results indicated that after the SA pretreatment, the seedlings could maintain higher reduced antioxidant level and antioxidant enzyme activity, and remain higher antioxidant capacity, which would lay an important biochemical foundation for SA-induced chilling resistance in tobacco seedlings. The results would not only have reference significance for raising chilling-resistant tobacco seedlings, but also referential value for culture of seedlings and early cultivation of other crops and vegetables.